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Remove static import of upx. Development environment can contain this functionality, if required. Cleanup broken script.
This commit is contained in:
parent
d4ebf7a8fb
commit
b248d0829f
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@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
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cd ..\..\bin\release
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..\..\import\upx\bin\upx -9 Cxbx.exe
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..\..\import\upx\bin\upx -9 Cxbx.dll
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copy Cxbx.exe ..\..\export\win32\bin\release\
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copy Cxbx.dll ..\..\export\win32\bin\release\
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cd ..\..\bin\debug
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copy Cxbx.exe ..\..\export\win32\bin\debug\
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copy Cxbx.pdb ..\..\export\win32\bin\debug\
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copy CxbxKrnl.dll ..\..\export\win32\bin\debug\
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copy CxbxKrnl.pdb ..\..\export\win32\bin\debug\
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cd ..\..\build\win32
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|
Binary file not shown.
|
@ -1,51 +0,0 @@
|
|||
ooooo ooo ooooooooo. ooooooo ooooo
|
||||
`888' `8' `888 `Y88. `8888 d8'
|
||||
888 8 888 .d88' Y888..8P
|
||||
888 8 888ooo88P' `8888'
|
||||
888 8 888 .8PY888.
|
||||
`88. .8' 888 d8' `888b
|
||||
`YbodP' o888o o888o o88888o
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
The Ultimate Packer for eXecutables
|
||||
Copyright (c) 1996-2006 Markus Oberhumer, Laszlo Molnar & John Reiser
|
||||
http://upx.sourceforge.net
|
||||
|
||||
|
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Limitations and other things which are not (yet) supported:
|
||||
===========================================================
|
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|
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djgpp2/coff
|
||||
-----------
|
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* all overlays (except Allegro pakfiles) are silently stripped
|
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|
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dos/exe
|
||||
-------
|
||||
* normal dos/exes with new exe headers
|
||||
* max ~24000 relocation records (...should be enough for everyone ;-)
|
||||
* exe + sys combined images
|
||||
|
||||
watcom/le
|
||||
---------
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* 16-bit selector alias fixups
|
||||
* 16-bit offset relocation for objects larger than 4 kB
|
||||
* 16:16 fixups
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||||
|
||||
If you need any of the above (they're very rare), send us an URL of a
|
||||
test file.
|
||||
|
||||
* 16-bit objects are not loaded into DOS memory
|
||||
* There is still a problem with the wdosx extender: if you compress a
|
||||
watcom/le file which does NOT contain the wdosx extender, and after this
|
||||
you bind the wdosx stub to the compressed file, then it will work.
|
||||
Otherwise it won't.
|
||||
* unpacked pmwlite compressed programs might not work when compressed
|
||||
with UPX (this is a bug in pmwunlite)
|
||||
|
||||
win32/pe
|
||||
--------
|
||||
* writeable shared sections (`--force' *may* work)
|
||||
* certificates in the image
|
||||
* compressing files which contain a big BSS requires lots of memory
|
||||
during compression
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,340 +0,0 @@
|
|||
GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
|
||||
Version 2, June 1991
|
||||
|
||||
Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
|
||||
59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
|
||||
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
|
||||
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
|
||||
|
||||
Preamble
|
||||
|
||||
The licenses for most software are designed to take away your
|
||||
freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public
|
||||
License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free
|
||||
software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This
|
||||
General Public License applies to most of the Free Software
|
||||
Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to
|
||||
using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by
|
||||
the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to
|
||||
your programs, too.
|
||||
|
||||
When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
|
||||
price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
|
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have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
|
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this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it
|
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if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it
|
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in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.
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To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid
|
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anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights.
|
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These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you
|
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For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
|
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|
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|
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We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and
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Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain
|
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|
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Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software
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The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
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|
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GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
|
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TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
|
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|
||||
0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains
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Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not
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Whether that is true depends on what the Program does.
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1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's
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c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively
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These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If
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distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based
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Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest
|
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exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or
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In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program
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with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of
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3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it,
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under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of
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Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following:
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a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable
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source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections
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1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or,
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|
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b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three
|
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years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your
|
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cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete
|
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machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be
|
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distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium
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customarily used for software interchange; or,
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|
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c) Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer
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to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is
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allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you
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received the program in object code or executable form with such
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an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.)
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|
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The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for
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making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source
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code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any
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associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to
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control compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a
|
||||
special exception, the source code distributed need not include
|
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anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary
|
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form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the
|
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operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component
|
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itself accompanies the executable.
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|
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If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering
|
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access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent
|
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access to copy the source code from the same place counts as
|
||||
distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not
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compelled to copy the source along with the object code.
|
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4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program
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void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License.
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However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under
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this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
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parties remain in full compliance.
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signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or
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distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are
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prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by
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modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the
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Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and
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all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying
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6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the
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You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to
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7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent
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otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
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License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you
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If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under
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circumstances.
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It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any
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patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any
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such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the
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integrity of the free software distribution system, which is
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This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to
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be a consequence of the rest of this License.
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8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in
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certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the
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may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding
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those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among
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the limitation as if written in the body of this License.
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||||
9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions
|
||||
of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will
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||||
address new problems or concerns.
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Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program
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specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and "any
|
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later version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions
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||||
either of that version or of any later version published by the Free
|
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Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of
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this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software
|
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Foundation.
|
||||
|
||||
10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free
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to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free
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make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals
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of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and
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of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.
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NO WARRANTY
|
||||
|
||||
11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY
|
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FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN
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OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES
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PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED
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TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE
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PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING,
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|
||||
12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
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WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR
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|
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|
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YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER
|
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PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE
|
||||
POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
|
||||
|
||||
END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
|
||||
|
||||
How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
|
||||
|
||||
If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
|
||||
possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
|
||||
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|
||||
|
||||
To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest
|
||||
to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
|
||||
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|
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|
||||
|
||||
<one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
|
||||
Copyright (C) 19yy <name of author>
|
||||
|
||||
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
|
||||
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
|
||||
the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
|
||||
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|
||||
|
||||
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
|
||||
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
|
||||
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
|
||||
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
|
||||
Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
|
||||
|
||||
If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this
|
||||
when it starts in an interactive mode:
|
||||
|
||||
Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) 19yy name of author
|
||||
Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
|
||||
This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
|
||||
under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
|
||||
|
||||
The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
|
||||
parts of the General Public License. Of course, the commands you use may
|
||||
be called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be
|
||||
mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program.
|
||||
|
||||
You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your
|
||||
school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if
|
||||
necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:
|
||||
|
||||
Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program
|
||||
`Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker.
|
||||
|
||||
<signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1989
|
||||
Ty Coon, President of Vice
|
||||
|
||||
This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into
|
||||
proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may
|
||||
consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the
|
||||
library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General
|
||||
Public License instead of this License.
|
|
@ -1,138 +0,0 @@
|
|||
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
ooooo ooo ooooooooo. ooooooo ooooo
|
||||
`888' `8' `888 `Y88. `8888 d8'
|
||||
888 8 888 .d88' Y888..8P
|
||||
888 8 888ooo88P' `8888'
|
||||
888 8 888 .8PY888.
|
||||
`88. .8' 888 d8' `888b
|
||||
`YbodP' o888o o888o o88888o
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
The Ultimate Packer for eXecutables
|
||||
Copyright (c) 1996-2000 Markus Oberhumer & Laszlo Molnar
|
||||
http://wildsau.idv.uni-linz.ac.at/mfx/upx.html
|
||||
http://www.nexus.hu/upx
|
||||
http://upx.tsx.org
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
PLEASE CAREFULLY READ THIS LICENSE AGREEMENT, ESPECIALLY IF YOU PLAN
|
||||
TO MODIFY THE UPX SOURCE CODE OR USE A MODIFIED UPX VERSION.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
ABSTRACT
|
||||
========
|
||||
|
||||
UPX and UCL are copyrighted software distributed under the terms
|
||||
of the GNU General Public License (hereinafter the "GPL").
|
||||
|
||||
The stub which is imbedded in each UPX compressed program is part
|
||||
of UPX and UCL, and contains code that is under our copyright. The
|
||||
terms of the GNU General Public License still apply as compressing
|
||||
a program is a special form of linking with our stub.
|
||||
|
||||
As a special exception we grant the free usage of UPX for all
|
||||
executables, including commercial programs.
|
||||
See below for details and restrictions.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
COPYRIGHT
|
||||
=========
|
||||
|
||||
UPX and UCL are copyrighted software. All rights remain with the authors.
|
||||
|
||||
UPX is Copyright (C) 1996-2000 Markus Franz Xaver Johannes Oberhumer
|
||||
UPX is Copyright (C) 1996-2000 Laszlo Molnar
|
||||
|
||||
UCL is Copyright (C) 1996-2000 Markus Franz Xaver Johannes Oberhumer
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
|
||||
==========================
|
||||
|
||||
UPX and the UCL library are free software; you can redistribute them
|
||||
and/or modify them under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
|
||||
published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of
|
||||
the License, or (at your option) any later version.
|
||||
|
||||
UPX and UCL are distributed in the hope that they will be useful,
|
||||
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
|
||||
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
|
||||
GNU General Public License for more details.
|
||||
|
||||
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
|
||||
along with this program; see the file COPYING.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
SPECIAL EXCEPTION FOR COMPRESSED EXECUTABLES
|
||||
============================================
|
||||
|
||||
The stub which is imbedded in each UPX compressed program is part
|
||||
of UPX and UCL, and contains code that is under our copyright. The
|
||||
terms of the GNU General Public License still apply as compressing
|
||||
a program is a special form of linking with our stub.
|
||||
|
||||
Hereby Markus F.X.J. Oberhumer and Laszlo Molnar grant you special
|
||||
permission to freely use and distribute all UPX compressed programs
|
||||
(including commercial ones), subject to the following restrictions:
|
||||
|
||||
1. You must compress your program with a completely unmodified UPX
|
||||
version; either with our precompiled version, or (at your option)
|
||||
with a self compiled version of the unmodified UPX sources as
|
||||
distributed by us.
|
||||
2. This also implies that the UPX stub must be completely unmodfied, i.e.
|
||||
the stub imbedded in your compressed program must be byte-identical
|
||||
to the stub that is produced by the official unmodified UPX version.
|
||||
3. The decompressor and any other code from the stub must exclusively get
|
||||
used by the unmodified UPX stub for decompressing your program at
|
||||
program startup. No portion of the stub may get read, copied,
|
||||
called or otherwise get used or accessed by your program.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
ANNOTATIONS
|
||||
===========
|
||||
|
||||
- You can use a modified UPX version or modified UPX stub only for
|
||||
programs that are compatible with the GNU General Public License.
|
||||
|
||||
- We grant you special permission to freely use and distribute all UPX
|
||||
compressed programs. But any modification of the UPX stub (such as,
|
||||
but not limited to, removing our copyright string or making your
|
||||
program non-decompressible) will immediately revoke your right to
|
||||
use and distribute a UPX compressed program.
|
||||
|
||||
- UPX is not a software protection tool; by requiring that you use
|
||||
the unmodified UPX version for your proprietary programs we
|
||||
make sure that any user can decompress your program. This protects
|
||||
both you and your users as nobody can hide malicious code -
|
||||
any program that cannot be decompressed is highly suspicious
|
||||
by definition.
|
||||
|
||||
- You can integrate all or part of UPX and UCL into projects that
|
||||
are compatible with the GNU GPL, but obviously you cannot grant
|
||||
any special exceptions beyond the GPL for our code in your project.
|
||||
|
||||
- We want to actively support manufacturers of virus scanners and
|
||||
similar security software. Please contact us if you would like to
|
||||
incorporate parts of UPX or UCL into such a product.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Markus F.X.J. Oberhumer Laszlo Molnar
|
||||
markus.oberhumer@jk.uni-linz.ac.at ml1050@cdata.tvnet.hu
|
||||
|
||||
Linz, Austria, 25 Feb 2000
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
|
||||
Version: 2.6.3ia
|
||||
Charset: noconv
|
||||
|
||||
iQCVAwUBOLaLS210fyLu8beJAQFYVAP/ShzENWKLTvedLCjZbDcwaBEHfUVcrGMI
|
||||
wE7frMkbWT2zmkdv9hW90WmjMhOBu7yhUplvN8BKOtLiolEnZmLCYu8AGCwr5wBf
|
||||
dfLoClxnzfTtgQv5axF1awp4RwCUH3hf4cDrOVqmAsWXKPHtm4hx96jF6L4oHhjx
|
||||
OO03+ojZdO8=
|
||||
=CS52
|
||||
-----END PGP SIGNATURE-----
|
|
@ -1,365 +0,0 @@
|
|||
==================================================================
|
||||
User visible changes for UPX
|
||||
==================================================================
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 2.01 (06 Jun 2006):
|
||||
* arm/pe: better DLL support
|
||||
* dos/exe: device driver support added
|
||||
* linux/386: Fix --force-execve for PaX, grSecurity, and strict SELinux.
|
||||
/tmp must support execve(); therefore /tmp cannot be mounted 'noexec'.
|
||||
* win32/pe & arm/pe: added new option '--keep-resource=' for
|
||||
excluding selected resources from compression
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 2.00 (27 Apr 2006):
|
||||
* linux/386: the stub now prints an error message if some strict
|
||||
SELinux mode does prevent runtime decompression and execution
|
||||
(for a fully SELinux-compatible but otherwise inferior compression
|
||||
format you can use the '--force-execve' option)
|
||||
* linux/386: worked around a problem where certain Linux kernels
|
||||
clobber the %ebx register during a syscall
|
||||
* win32/pe: disable filters for files with broken PE headers
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 1.96 beta (13 Apr 2006):
|
||||
* arm/pe: added filter support
|
||||
* win32/pe: removed an unnecessary check so that Delphi 2006 and
|
||||
Digital Mars C++ programs finally are supported
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 1.95 beta (09 Apr 2006):
|
||||
* arm/pe: added DLL support
|
||||
* arm/pe: added thumb mode stub support
|
||||
* arm/pe: added unpacking support
|
||||
* win32/pe: really worked around R6002 runtime errors
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 1.94 beta (11 Mar 2006):
|
||||
* new format: added support for arm/pe (ARM executables running on WinCE)
|
||||
* new format: added support for linux elf/amd64
|
||||
* new format: added support for linux elf/ppc32
|
||||
* new format: added support for mach/ppc32 (Apple Mac OS X)
|
||||
* win32/pe: hopefully working "load config" support
|
||||
* win32/pe: R6002 runtime errors worked around
|
||||
* win32/pe: the stub now clears the dirty stack
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 1.93 beta (07 Feb 2005):
|
||||
* vmlinuz/386: fixes to support more kernels
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 1.92 beta (20 Jul 2004):
|
||||
* win32/pe: added option '--strip-loadconf' to strip the SEH load
|
||||
config section [NOTE: this option is obsolete since UPX 1.94]
|
||||
* win32/pe: try to detect .NET (win32/net) files [not yet supported by UPX]
|
||||
* vmlinux/386: new format that directly supports building Linux kernels
|
||||
* source code: now compiles cleanly under Win64
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 1.91 beta (30 Jun 2004):
|
||||
* djgpp2/coff: added support for recent binutils versions
|
||||
* linux/elf386, linux/sh386: lots of improvements
|
||||
* vmlinuz/386: added support for recent kernels
|
||||
* watcom/le: don't crash on files without relocations
|
||||
* win32/pe: stricter checks of some PE values
|
||||
* option '--brute' now implies '--crp-ms=999999'.
|
||||
* source code: much improved portability using ACC, the
|
||||
Automatic Compiler Configuration
|
||||
* source code: compile fixes for strict ISO C++ compilers
|
||||
* source code: compile fixes for Win64
|
||||
* re-synced with upx 1.25 branch
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 1.90 beta (11 Nov 2002):
|
||||
* implemented several new options for finer compression control:
|
||||
'--all-methods', '--all-filters' and '--brute'
|
||||
* ps1/exe: new format - UPX now supports PlayStation One programs
|
||||
* linux/386: added the option '--force-execve'
|
||||
* vmlinuz/386: better kernel detection and sanity checks
|
||||
* re-synced with upx 1.24 branch
|
||||
* documentation updates
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 1.11 beta (20 Dec 2000):
|
||||
* vmlinuz/386: new format - UPX now supports bootable linux kernels
|
||||
* linux/elf386: added the new ELF direct-to-memory executable format - no
|
||||
more temp files are needed for decompression!
|
||||
* linux/sh386: added the new shell direct-to-memory executable format - no
|
||||
more temp files are needed for decompression!
|
||||
* reduced overall memory requirements during packing
|
||||
* quite a number of internal source code rearrangements
|
||||
|
||||
==================================================================
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 1.25 (29 Jun 2004)
|
||||
* INFO: http://upx.sourceforge.net is the permanent UPX home page
|
||||
* watcom/le: don't crash on files without relocations
|
||||
* win32/pe: stricter checks of some PE values
|
||||
* source code: much improved portability using ACC, the
|
||||
Automatic Compiler Configuration
|
||||
* source code: compile fixes for strict ISO C++ compilers
|
||||
* source code: compile fixes for Win64
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 1.24 (07 Nov 2002)
|
||||
* djgpp2/coff: stricter check of the COFF header to work around a
|
||||
problem with certain binutils versions
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 1.23 (05 Sep 2002)
|
||||
* atari/tos: fixed an unpacking problem where a buffer was too
|
||||
small (introduced in 1.22)
|
||||
* linux/386: don't give up too early if a single block turns out
|
||||
to be incompressible
|
||||
* documentation: added some quick tips how to achieve the best
|
||||
compression ratio for the final release of your application
|
||||
* fixed a rare situation where the exit code was not set correctly
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 1.22 (27 Jun 2002)
|
||||
* atari/tos: the stub now flushes the CPU cache to avoid
|
||||
problems on 68030+ machines
|
||||
* source code: additional compiler support for Borland C++,
|
||||
Digital Mars C++ and Watcom C++
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 1.21 (01 Jun 2002)
|
||||
* New option '--crp-ms=' for slightly better compression at the cost
|
||||
of higher memory requirements during compression.
|
||||
Try 'upx --best --crp-ms=100000'. See the docs for more info.
|
||||
* source code: portability fixes
|
||||
* source code: compile fixes for g++ 3.0 and g++ 3.1
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 1.20 (23 May 2001)
|
||||
* slightly faster compression
|
||||
* work around a gcc problem in the latest djgpp2 distribution
|
||||
* watcom/le: fixed detection of already compressed files
|
||||
* win32/pe: do not compress RT_MANIFEST resource types
|
||||
* win32/pe: improved the error message for empty resource sections
|
||||
* [NOTE: the jump from 1.08 to 1.20 is to avoid confusion with
|
||||
our unstable development releases 1.1x and 1.9x]
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 1.08 (30 Apr 2001)
|
||||
* new native port to atari/tos
|
||||
* win32/pe: shortened the identstring
|
||||
* source code: portability fixes - UPX now builds cleanly under m68k CPUs
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 1.07 (20 Feb 2001)
|
||||
* win32/pe: corrected the TLS callback check
|
||||
* win32/pe: really fixed that rare bug in relocation handling
|
||||
* win32/pe: experimental support for SizeOfHeaders > 0x1000
|
||||
* win32/pe: check for superfluous data between sections
|
||||
* win32/pe: compressing screensavers (.scr) should finally work
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 1.06 (27 Jan 2001)
|
||||
* win32/pe: the check for TLS callbacks introduced in 1.05
|
||||
was too strict - disabled for now
|
||||
* dos/com: decreased the decompressor stack size a little bit
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 1.05 (24 Jan 2001)
|
||||
* win32/pe: refuse to compress programs with TLS callbacks
|
||||
* win32/pe: stub changes to avoid slowdowns with some virus monitors
|
||||
* win32/pe: reverted the relocation handling changes in 1.04
|
||||
* linux/386: dont try to compress Linux kernel images (have a look
|
||||
at the unstable UPX 1.1x beta versions for that)
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 1.04 (19 Dec 2000)
|
||||
* dos/exe: fixed an internal error when using '--no-reloc'
|
||||
* win32/pe: fixed a rare bug in the relocation handling code
|
||||
* some tunings for the default compression level
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 1.03 (30 Nov 2000)
|
||||
* linked with a new version of the NRV compression library:
|
||||
- improved compression ratio a little bit
|
||||
- overall significantly faster compression
|
||||
- much faster when using high compression levels like '-9' or '--best'
|
||||
- much faster with large files
|
||||
* atari/tos: added support for FreeMiNT
|
||||
* the 32-bit DOS version now uses the new CWSDSTUB extender
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 1.02 (13 Sep 2000)
|
||||
* watcom/le: fixed a problem with the Causeway extender
|
||||
* win32/pe: don't automatically strip relocs if they seem needed
|
||||
* support multiple backup generations when using '-k'
|
||||
* updated the console screen driver
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 1.01 (09 Apr 2000)
|
||||
* win32/pe: fixed an uncompression problem in DLLs with empty
|
||||
fixup sections
|
||||
* win32/pe: fixed another rare uncompression problem - a field in the
|
||||
PE header was set incorrectly
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 1.00 (26 Mar 2000)
|
||||
* documentation updates
|
||||
* watcom/le: do not duplicate the non-resident name table
|
||||
* win32/pe: fixed an import handling problem: sometimes too much data
|
||||
could be deleted from a file -> the uncompressed file would not work
|
||||
anymore
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 0.99.3 (07 Mar 2000)
|
||||
* win32/pe: fixed a rare problem in the stub string handling part
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 0.99.2 (02 Mar 2000)
|
||||
* dos/exe: fixed a typo causing an internal error (introduced in 0.99.1)
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 0.99.1 (29 Feb 2000)
|
||||
* win32/pe: fixed some object alignments which were causing
|
||||
problems when loading compressed DLLs under Windows NT/2000
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 0.99 (25 Feb 2000)
|
||||
* FULL SOURCE CODE RELEASED UNDER THE TERMS OF THE GNU GPL
|
||||
* win32/pe: changed default to '--strip-relocs=1'
|
||||
* dos/com and dos/sys: fixed a bad decompressor problem
|
||||
* linux/386: the counter for the progress indicator was off by one
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 0.94 (06 Dec 1999)
|
||||
* win32/pe: the stub now calls ExitProcess in case of import errors
|
||||
* under DOS and Windows, the environment variable UPX now accepts
|
||||
a '#' as replacement for '=' because of a COMMAND.COM limitation
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 0.93 (22 Nov 1999)
|
||||
* win32/pe: fixed --strip-relocs problem with uncompression
|
||||
* win32/pe: fixed a bug which could produce a broken decompressor stub
|
||||
* linux/386: yet another FreeBSD compatibility fix
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 0.92 (14 Nov 1999)
|
||||
* win32/pe: really fixed that one line (see below)
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 0.91 (13 Nov 1999)
|
||||
* win32/pe: an important one-line fix for the newly introduced problems
|
||||
* dos/com and dos/sys: fixed an internal error
|
||||
* dos/exe: correctly restore cs when uncompressing
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 0.90 (10 Nov 1999)
|
||||
* all formats: '--overlay=copy' now is the default overlay mode
|
||||
* improved compression ratio for most files
|
||||
* win32/pe: uncompression is finally supported
|
||||
* win32/pe: never compress REGISTRY resources
|
||||
* win32/pe: headersize was not set in PE header
|
||||
* win32/pe: resource handling is rewritten
|
||||
* win32/pe: the last :-) TLS problem is fixed
|
||||
* win32/pe: somewhat less memory is required during compression
|
||||
* linux/386: fixed compression of scripts which was broken since 0.71
|
||||
* linux/386: more FreeBSD compatibility issues
|
||||
* changed option: '-i' now prints some more details during compression
|
||||
(not finished yet)
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 0.84 (04 Oct 1999)
|
||||
* dos/exe: fixed a rare problem where the decompressor could crash
|
||||
* some other minor fixes
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 0.83 (17 Sep 1999)
|
||||
* dos/exe: fixed minimal memory requirement problem for some files
|
||||
* win32/pe: fixed a bug which caused a crash in some compressed files
|
||||
* linux/386: various improvements in the stub; also, for the sake
|
||||
of FreeBSD users, the stub is now branded as Linux/ELF
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 0.82 (16 Aug 1999)
|
||||
* dos/exe: fixed a decompressor bug which could cause crash on some files
|
||||
* linux/386: section headers are now stripped from the stub so that
|
||||
'strip' won't ruin a compressed file any longer
|
||||
* wc/le: support for stack not in the last object disabled again
|
||||
* win32/pe: removed some unneeded data
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 0.81 (04 Aug 1999)
|
||||
* win32/pe: fixed an important bug in import handling
|
||||
* dos/com: fixed an internal error that could happen with very small files
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 0.80 (03 Aug 1999)
|
||||
* you can set some default options in the environment var 'UPX'
|
||||
* dos/com: the decompressor stub now checks for enough free memory
|
||||
* dos/exe: decompressor rewritten, some bugs are fixed
|
||||
* dos/exe: new option '--no-reloc': no relocation data is put into
|
||||
the DOS header
|
||||
* tmt/adam: added support for more stubs, detect already packed files
|
||||
* tmt/adam: new option '--copy-overlay'
|
||||
* wc/le: reduced memory requirement during uncompression
|
||||
* wc/le: support files which do not contain their stack in the last object
|
||||
* wc/le: fixed a bug which could cause a crash, improved relocation
|
||||
handling
|
||||
* wc/le: new option '--copy-overlay'
|
||||
* win32/pe: '--compress-icons=2' is now the default
|
||||
* win32/pe: even better TLS support
|
||||
* win32/pe: versioninfo works on NT
|
||||
* win32/pe: import by ordinal from kernel32.dll works
|
||||
* win32/pe: other import improvements: importing a nonexistant DLL
|
||||
results in a usual Windows message, importing a nonexistant function
|
||||
results in program exit (instead of crash ;-)
|
||||
* win32/pe: new option: '--compress-resources=0'
|
||||
* win32/pe: reduced memory requirement during uncompression, some
|
||||
files might even require LESS memory when they're compressed
|
||||
* win32/pe: TYPELIBs should work now
|
||||
* win32/pe: improved relocation handling, 16-bit relocations should work
|
||||
* win32/pe: new option '--strip-relocs' (only if you know what you are doing)
|
||||
* win32/pe: new option '--copy-overlay'
|
||||
* important internal changes: now the stubs are built at runtime
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 0.72 (12 May 1999)
|
||||
* tmt/adam: fixed a serious problem in the decompressor stub; all
|
||||
compressed tmt files should be recompressed
|
||||
* win32/pe: fixed the 'shared sections not supported' warning:
|
||||
read-only shared sections are fine
|
||||
* win32/pe: never compress TYPELIB resources
|
||||
* win32/pe: compressed files are hopefully less suspicious to heuristic
|
||||
virus scanners now
|
||||
* linux/386: minor decompressor stub updates, nicer progress bar
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 0.71 (19 Apr 1999)
|
||||
* dos/exe: added option '--no-overlay'
|
||||
* linux/386: various improvements in the stub, most notably the
|
||||
overhead for an extra cleanup process has been removed
|
||||
* win32/pe: added support for export forwarders
|
||||
* win32/pe: added support for DLLs without entry point or imports
|
||||
* win32/pe: yet another .bss fix
|
||||
* win32/pe: new option '--compress-icons=2': compress all icons
|
||||
which are not in the first icon directory
|
||||
* win32/pe: rearranged stub to avoid false alerts from some virus scanners
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 0.70 (30 Mar 1999)
|
||||
* added support for linux/386 executables
|
||||
* improved compression ratio quite a bit
|
||||
* added new compression level '--best' to squeeze out even some more bytes
|
||||
* win32/pe: TLS support is much better now
|
||||
* win32/pe: --compress-icons=0 should now work as well
|
||||
* the usual minor fixes for win32/pe
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 0.62 (16 Mar 1999)
|
||||
* win32/pe: --compress-icons and --compress-exports are on now by default
|
||||
* win32/pe: --compress-icons should really work now
|
||||
* win32/pe: fixed a problem with embedded .bss sections
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 0.61 (08 Mar 1999)
|
||||
* atari/tos: fixed a problem where the bss segment could become too small
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 0.60 (06 Mar 1999)
|
||||
* win32/pe: fixed file corruption when the size of the export data is invalid
|
||||
* win32/pe: fixed a problem with empty resource data
|
||||
* win32/pe: compressed file alignment set to minimum value
|
||||
* win32/pe: made all compressed sections writeable
|
||||
* fixed some other win32/pe bugs
|
||||
* fixed an address optimization problem for some not Watcom LE files
|
||||
* fixed a bug which could make UPX hang when an exe header contained
|
||||
an illegal value
|
||||
* added some compression flags for the win32/pe format
|
||||
* added support for Atari ST/TT executables (atari/tos)
|
||||
* improved compression ratio
|
||||
* improved compression speed
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 0.51 (14 Jan 1999)
|
||||
* fixed a small bug in the PE header that would prevent some compressed
|
||||
win32/pe executables from running under Windows NT and WINE
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 0.50 (03 Jan 1999)
|
||||
* added support for PE format executables (win32/pe & rtm32/pe)
|
||||
* added support for TMT executables (tmt/adam)
|
||||
* fixed a dos/sys bug that affected OpenDOS
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 0.40 (05 Oct 1998)
|
||||
* improved compression ratio
|
||||
* fixed a small but fatal bug in dos/sys introduced in 0.30
|
||||
* fixed a rare bug in dos/exe
|
||||
* worked around a bug in djgpp's strip 2.8
|
||||
* djgpp/coff: Allegro packfile support should work now
|
||||
* added dos/exeh compression method (works on 386+)
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 0.30 (27 Jul 1998)
|
||||
* fixed a serious bug in the 32-bit compressors - please don't use
|
||||
djgpp/coff and watcom/le compressed files from previous versions,
|
||||
some of them are possibly damaged !
|
||||
* the 16-bit uncompressors are a little bit shorter & faster
|
||||
* fixed progress indicator for VESA and SVGA text modes
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 0.20 (05 Jul 1998)
|
||||
* second public beta release
|
||||
* too many changes to list here
|
||||
|
||||
Changes in 0.05 (26 May 1998)
|
||||
* first public beta release
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,142 +0,0 @@
|
|||
ooooo ooo ooooooooo. ooooooo ooooo
|
||||
`888' `8' `888 `Y88. `8888 d8'
|
||||
888 8 888 .d88' Y888..8P
|
||||
888 8 888ooo88P' `8888'
|
||||
888 8 888 .8PY888.
|
||||
`88. .8' 888 d8' `888b
|
||||
`YbodP' o888o o888o o88888o
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
The Ultimate Packer for eXecutables
|
||||
Copyright (c) 1996-2006 Markus Oberhumer, Laszlo Molnar & John Reiser
|
||||
http://upx.sourceforge.net
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
WELCOME
|
||||
=======
|
||||
|
||||
Welcome to UPX !
|
||||
|
||||
Please don't forget to read the file LICENSE - UPX is distributed
|
||||
under the GNU General Public License (GPL) with special exceptions
|
||||
allowing the distribution of all compressed executables, including
|
||||
commercial programs.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
INTRODUCTION
|
||||
============
|
||||
|
||||
UPX is an advanced executable file compressor. UPX will typically
|
||||
reduce the file size of programs and DLLs by around 50%-70%, thus
|
||||
reducing disk space, network load times, download times and
|
||||
other distribution and storage costs.
|
||||
|
||||
Programs and libraries compressed by UPX are completely self-contained
|
||||
and run exactly as before, with no runtime or memory penalty for most
|
||||
of the supported formats.
|
||||
|
||||
UPX supports a number of different executable formats, including
|
||||
Windows 95/98/ME/NT/2000/XP/CE programs and DLLs, DOS programs,
|
||||
and Linux executables and kernels.
|
||||
|
||||
UPX is free software distributed under the term of the GNU General
|
||||
Public License. Full source code is available.
|
||||
|
||||
UPX may be distributed and used freely, even with commercial applications.
|
||||
See the UPX License Agreement for details.
|
||||
|
||||
UPX is rated number one in the well known Archive Comparison Test. Visit
|
||||
http://compression.ca/ .
|
||||
|
||||
UPX aims to be Commercial Quality Freeware.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
SHORT DOCUMENTATION
|
||||
===================
|
||||
|
||||
'upx program.exe' will compress a program or DLL. For best compression
|
||||
results try 'upx --brute program.exe'.
|
||||
|
||||
Please see the file UPX.DOC for the full documentation. The files
|
||||
NEWS and BUGS also contain various tidbits of information.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
DISCLAIMER
|
||||
==========
|
||||
|
||||
UPX comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details see the file LICENSE.
|
||||
|
||||
Having said that, we think that UPX is quite stable now. Indeed we
|
||||
have compressed lots of files without any problems. Also, the
|
||||
current version has undergone several months of beta testing -
|
||||
actually it's almost 8 years since our first public beta.
|
||||
|
||||
This is the first production quality release, and we plan that future
|
||||
releases will be backward compatible with this version.
|
||||
|
||||
Please report all problems or suggestions to the authors. Thanks.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
THE FUTURE
|
||||
==========
|
||||
|
||||
- We'd really love to support handheld systems like the PalmPilot because
|
||||
compression makes a lot of sense here. And - because of the atari/tos
|
||||
format - we already have a working decompressor in 68000 assembly.
|
||||
Unfortunately we know next to nothing about the operating system
|
||||
architecture of such handhelds, so we need some information from
|
||||
an expert. Please contact us if you think you can help.
|
||||
|
||||
- The Linux approach could probably get ported to a lot of other Unix
|
||||
variants, at least for other i386 architectures it shouldn't be too
|
||||
much work. If someone sends me a fresh hard disk and an official
|
||||
FreeBSD/OpenBSD/NetBSD/Solaris/BeOS... CD I might take a look at it ;-)
|
||||
|
||||
- We will *NOT* add any sort of protection and/or encryption.
|
||||
This only gives people a false feeling of security because
|
||||
by definition all protectors/compressors can be broken.
|
||||
And don't trust any advertisment of authors of other executable
|
||||
compressors about this topic - just do a websearch on "unpackers"...
|
||||
|
||||
- Fix all remaining bugs - keep your reports coming ;-)
|
||||
|
||||
- See the file PROJECTS in the source code distribution if you want
|
||||
to contribute.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
COPYRIGHT
|
||||
=========
|
||||
|
||||
Copyright (C) 1996-2006 Markus Franz Xaver Johannes Oberhumer
|
||||
Copyright (C) 1996-2006 Laszlo Molnar
|
||||
Copyright (C) 2000-2006 John F. Reiser
|
||||
|
||||
This program may be used freely, and you are welcome to
|
||||
redistribute it under certain conditions.
|
||||
|
||||
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
|
||||
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
|
||||
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
|
||||
UPX License Agreement for more details.
|
||||
|
||||
You should have received a copy of the UPX License Agreement along
|
||||
with this program; see the file LICENSE. If not, visit the UPX home page.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Share and enjoy,
|
||||
Markus & Laszlo
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Markus F.X.J. Oberhumer Laszlo Molnar
|
||||
markus@oberhumer.com ml1050@users.sourceforge.net
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
[ The term UPX is a shorthand for the Ultimate Packer for eXecutables
|
||||
and holds no connection with potential owners of registered trademarks
|
||||
or other rights. ]
|
||||
|
||||
[ Feel free to contact us if you have commercial compression requirements
|
||||
or interesting job offers. ]
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,33 +0,0 @@
|
|||
ooooo ooo ooooooooo. ooooooo ooooo
|
||||
`888' `8' `888 `Y88. `8888 d8'
|
||||
888 8 888 .d88' Y888..8P
|
||||
888 8 888ooo88P' `8888'
|
||||
888 8 888 .8PY888.
|
||||
`88. .8' 888 d8' `888b
|
||||
`YbodP' o888o o888o o88888o
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
The Ultimate Packer for eXecutables
|
||||
Copyright (c) 1996-2006 Markus Oberhumer, Laszlo Molnar & John Reiser
|
||||
http://upx.sourceforge.net
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
MAJOR NEWS IN UPX 2
|
||||
===================
|
||||
|
||||
The main news since 1.25 are:
|
||||
|
||||
* new format: added support for arm/pe (ARM executables running on WinCE)
|
||||
* new format: added support for linux elf/amd64
|
||||
* new format: added support for linux elf/ppc32
|
||||
* new format: added support for mach/ppc32 (Apple Mac OS X)
|
||||
* new format: added support for bootable Linux kernels ("vmlinuz/386")
|
||||
* new format: added support for Playstation exes ("ps1/exe")
|
||||
|
||||
* slightly better compression using the new NRV2E algorithm
|
||||
* new options for compression tuning (e.g. '--brute')
|
||||
* improved win32/pe compatibility
|
||||
* direct ELF-to-memory decompression
|
||||
* various bug fixes
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,59 +0,0 @@
|
|||
ooooo ooo ooooooooo. ooooooo ooooo
|
||||
`888' `8' `888 `Y88. `8888 d8'
|
||||
888 8 888 .d88' Y888..8P
|
||||
888 8 888ooo88P' `8888'
|
||||
888 8 888 .8PY888.
|
||||
`88. .8' 888 d8' `888b
|
||||
`YbodP' o888o o888o o88888o
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
The Ultimate Packer for eXecutables
|
||||
Copyright (c) 1996-2006 Markus Oberhumer, Laszlo Molnar & John Reiser
|
||||
http://upx.sourceforge.net
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
.___.. .
|
||||
| |_ _.._ ;_/ __
|
||||
| [ )(_][ )| \_)
|
||||
--------------------
|
||||
|
||||
UPX would not be what it is today without the invaluable help of
|
||||
everybody who was kind enough to spend time testing it, using it
|
||||
in applications and reporting bugs.
|
||||
|
||||
The following people made especially gracious contributions of their
|
||||
time and energy in helping to track down bugs, add new features, and
|
||||
generally assist in the UPX maintainership process:
|
||||
|
||||
Adam Ierymenko <api@one.net>
|
||||
for severals ideas for the Linux version
|
||||
Andi Kleen <ak@muc.de> and Jamie Lokier <nospam@cern.ch>
|
||||
for the /proc/self/fd/X and other Linux suggestions
|
||||
Andreas Muegge <andreas.muegge@gmx.de>
|
||||
for the Win32 GUI
|
||||
Atli Mar Gudmundsson <agudmundsson@symantec.com>
|
||||
for several comments on the win32/pe stub
|
||||
Charles W. Sandmann <sandmann@clio.rice.edu>
|
||||
for the idea with the stubless decompressor in djgpp2/coff
|
||||
Ice
|
||||
for debugging the PE headersize problem down
|
||||
Joergen Ibsen <jibz@hotmail.com> and d'b
|
||||
for the relocation & address optimization ideas
|
||||
John S. Fine <johnfine@erols.com>
|
||||
for the new version of the dos/exe decompressor
|
||||
Lukundoo <Lukundoo@softhome.net>
|
||||
for beta testing
|
||||
Michael Devore
|
||||
for initial dos/exe device driver support
|
||||
Oleg V. Volkov <rover@lglobus.ru>
|
||||
for various FreeBSD specific informations
|
||||
The Owl & G-RoM
|
||||
for the --compress-icons fix
|
||||
Ralph Roth <RalphRoth@gmx.net>
|
||||
for reporting several bugs
|
||||
Salvador Eduardo Tropea
|
||||
for beta testing
|
||||
The WINE project (http://www.winehq.com/)
|
||||
for lots of useful information found in their PE loader sources
|
||||
Natascha
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,120 +0,0 @@
|
|||
UPX TODO list. Last updated 2006-03-11.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
IMPORTANT PROBLEMS THAT SHOULD BE FIXED SOON:
|
||||
|
||||
- [None]
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
OTHER:
|
||||
|
||||
- docs: convert docs from upx.pod to use AsciiDoc
|
||||
|
||||
- check all <const_cast> to make sure they are not invalid
|
||||
|
||||
- throwNotCompressible() is not a real error, so make the output nicer
|
||||
(info: bla bla). Also ui.cpp (total_*).
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
IMPROVED COMPRESSION RATIO
|
||||
==========================
|
||||
|
||||
- experiment with new filters
|
||||
|
||||
- implement filters for dos/exe
|
||||
|
||||
- filters: could we exploit a f->firstcall info field ?
|
||||
|
||||
- for small programs (e.g. < 64k), try an additional algorithm
|
||||
to see if it gives better compression
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
ALL FORMATS
|
||||
===========
|
||||
|
||||
- more thoroughly test the exe-header in canPack()
|
||||
and throw exceptions when encountering bad values.
|
||||
|
||||
- implement `--cpu=486' option to use bswap on the 32-bit formats
|
||||
(if cpu >= 486)
|
||||
|
||||
- consider removing "or ebp,-1" when not needed
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
FORMAT DJGPP2/COFF
|
||||
==================
|
||||
|
||||
- handle overlays
|
||||
|
||||
- fix default file extension handling when the --coff option is set
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
FORMAT DOS/EXE
|
||||
==============
|
||||
|
||||
- implement filters
|
||||
|
||||
- add a check so that we don't pack djgpp1 binaries
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
FORMAT LINUX/386
|
||||
================
|
||||
|
||||
- don't mmap() the temporary output file - this seems to improve
|
||||
file io speed
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
FORMAT TMT/ADAM
|
||||
===============
|
||||
|
||||
- the decompressors are already aligned, no need for an
|
||||
extra alignment
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
FORMAT WATCOM/LE
|
||||
================
|
||||
|
||||
- handle files without relocations
|
||||
|
||||
- the decompressors are already aligned, no need for an
|
||||
extra alignment
|
||||
|
||||
- fix default file extension handling when the --le option is set
|
||||
|
||||
- handle holes in the file
|
||||
|
||||
- implement compressWithFilters()
|
||||
|
||||
- add a call to verifyOverlappingDecompression()
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
FORMAT WIN16/NE
|
||||
===============
|
||||
|
||||
- implement readFileHeader() to correctly identify a win16/ne
|
||||
executable, so that the call for contribution will get thrown
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
FORMAT WIN32/PE
|
||||
===============
|
||||
|
||||
- fix the section alignment with the Intel compiler
|
||||
|
||||
- decrease runtime memory overhead
|
||||
|
||||
3 - difficult) don't compress the BSS section and other holes.
|
||||
|
||||
4 - medium - ml) fix when objectalign < 0x1000
|
||||
|
||||
4 - easy - ml) put the original offset of moved resources somewhere into
|
||||
the res.dir. (if it's safe to do)
|
||||
|
||||
4 - ??? - ml) fix FIXMEs
|
||||
|
||||
5 - medium - ml) try to put the preprocessed imports & relocs back to their
|
||||
original section if possible. this could save some virtual memory
|
||||
address space.
|
||||
|
1160
import/upx/doc/upx.1
1160
import/upx/doc/upx.1
File diff suppressed because it is too large
Load diff
|
@ -1,842 +0,0 @@
|
|||
NAME
|
||||
upx - compress or expand executable files
|
||||
|
||||
SYNOPSIS
|
||||
upx [ *command* ] [ *options* ] *filename*...
|
||||
|
||||
ABSTRACT
|
||||
The Ultimate Packer for eXecutables
|
||||
Copyright (c) 1996-2006 Markus Oberhumer, Laszlo Molnar & John Reiser
|
||||
http://upx.sourceforge.net
|
||||
|
||||
UPX is a portable, extendable, high-performance executable packer for
|
||||
several different executable formats. It achieves an excellent
|
||||
compression ratio and offers **very** fast decompression. Your
|
||||
executables suffer no memory overhead or other drawbacks for most of the
|
||||
formats supported, because of in-place decompression.
|
||||
|
||||
While you may use UPX freely for both non-commercial and commercial
|
||||
executables (for details see the file LICENSE), we would highly
|
||||
appreciate if you credit UPX and ourselves in the documentation,
|
||||
possibly including a reference to the UPX home page. Thanks.
|
||||
|
||||
[ Using UPX in non-OpenSource applications without proper credits is
|
||||
considered not politically correct ;-) ]
|
||||
|
||||
DISCLAIMER
|
||||
UPX comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details see the file LICENSE.
|
||||
|
||||
This is the first production quality release, and we plan that future
|
||||
1.xx releases will be backward compatible with this version.
|
||||
|
||||
Please report all problems or suggestions to the authors. Thanks.
|
||||
|
||||
DESCRIPTION
|
||||
UPX is a versatile executable packer with the following features:
|
||||
|
||||
- excellent compression ratio: compresses better than zip/gzip,
|
||||
use UPX to decrease the size of your distribution !
|
||||
|
||||
- very fast decompression: about 10 MB/sec on an ancient Pentium 133,
|
||||
about 200 MB/sec on an Athlon XP 2000+.
|
||||
|
||||
- no memory overhead for your compressed executables for most of the
|
||||
supported formats
|
||||
|
||||
- safe: you can list, test and unpack your executables
|
||||
Also, a checksum of both the compressed and uncompressed file is
|
||||
maintained internally.
|
||||
|
||||
- universal: UPX can pack a number of executable formats:
|
||||
* atari/tos
|
||||
* bvmlinuz/386 [bootable Linux kernel]
|
||||
* djgpp2/coff
|
||||
* dos/com
|
||||
* dos/exe
|
||||
* dos/sys
|
||||
* linux/386
|
||||
* linux/elf386
|
||||
* linux/sh386
|
||||
* ps1/exe
|
||||
* rtm32/pe
|
||||
* tmt/adam
|
||||
* vmlinuz/386 [bootable Linux kernel]
|
||||
* vmlinux/386
|
||||
* watcom/le (supporting DOS4G, PMODE/W, DOS32a and CauseWay)
|
||||
* win32/pe (exe and dll)
|
||||
* arm/pe (exe and dll)
|
||||
* linux/elfamd64
|
||||
* linux/elfppc32
|
||||
* mach/elfppc32
|
||||
|
||||
- portable: UPX is written in portable endian-neutral C++
|
||||
|
||||
- extendable: because of the class layout it's very easy to support
|
||||
new executable formats or add new compression algorithms
|
||||
|
||||
- free: UPX can be distributed and used freely. And from version 0.99
|
||||
the full source code of UPX is released under the GNU General Public
|
||||
License (GPL) !
|
||||
|
||||
You probably understand now why we call UPX the "*ultimate*" executable
|
||||
packer.
|
||||
|
||||
COMMANDS
|
||||
Compress
|
||||
This is the default operation, eg. upx yourfile.exe will compress the
|
||||
file specified on the command line.
|
||||
|
||||
Decompress
|
||||
All UPX supported file formats can be unpacked using the -d switch, eg.
|
||||
upx -d yourfile.exe will uncompress the file you've just compressed.
|
||||
|
||||
Test
|
||||
The -t command tests the integrity of the compressed and uncompressed
|
||||
data, eg. upx -t yourfile.exe check whether your file can be safely
|
||||
decompressed. Note, that this command doesn't check the whole file, only
|
||||
the part that will be uncompressed during program execution. This means
|
||||
that you should not use this command instead of a virus checker.
|
||||
|
||||
List
|
||||
The -l command prints out some information about the compressed files
|
||||
specified on the command line as parameters, eg upx -l yourfile.exe
|
||||
shows the compressed / uncompressed size and the compression ratio of
|
||||
*yourfile.exe*.
|
||||
|
||||
OPTIONS
|
||||
-q: be quiet, suppress warnings
|
||||
|
||||
-q -q (or -qq): be very quiet, suppress errors
|
||||
|
||||
-q -q -q (or -qqq): produce no output at all
|
||||
|
||||
--help: prints the help
|
||||
|
||||
--version: print the version of UPX
|
||||
|
||||
[ ...to be written... - type `upx --help' for now ]
|
||||
|
||||
COMPRESSION LEVELS & TUNING
|
||||
UPX offers ten different compression levels from -1 to -9, and --best.
|
||||
The default compression level is -8 for files smaller than 512 kB, and
|
||||
-7 otherwise.
|
||||
|
||||
* Compression levels 1, 2 and 3 are pretty fast.
|
||||
|
||||
* Compression levels 4, 5 and 6 achieve a good time/ratio performance.
|
||||
|
||||
* Compression levels 7, 8 and 9 favor compression ratio over speed.
|
||||
|
||||
* Compression level --best may take a long time.
|
||||
|
||||
Note that compression level --best can be somewhat slow for large files,
|
||||
but you definitely should use it when releasing a final version of your
|
||||
program.
|
||||
|
||||
Quick start for achieving the best compression ratio:
|
||||
|
||||
Try upx --brute myfile.exe.
|
||||
|
||||
Details for achieving the best compression ratio:
|
||||
|
||||
* Use the compression level --best.
|
||||
|
||||
* Try one or both of the options --all-methods and --all-filters.
|
||||
|
||||
* Try the option --crp-ms=NUMBER. This uses more memory during
|
||||
compression to achieve a (slightly) better compression ratio.
|
||||
|
||||
NUMBER must be a decimal value from 10000 to 999999, inclusive. The
|
||||
default value is 10000 (ten thousand).
|
||||
|
||||
* Info: the option --brute is an abbrevation for the options --best
|
||||
--all-methods --all-filters --crp-ms=999999.
|
||||
|
||||
* Try if --overlay=strip works.
|
||||
|
||||
* For win32/pe programs there's --strip-relocs=0. See notes below.
|
||||
|
||||
OVERLAY HANDLING OPTIONS
|
||||
Info: An "overlay" means auxillary data atached after the logical end of
|
||||
an executable, and it often contains application specific data (this is
|
||||
a common practice to avoid an extra data file, though it would be better
|
||||
to use resource sections).
|
||||
|
||||
UPX handles overlays like many other executable packers do: it simply
|
||||
copies the overlay after the compressed image. This works with some
|
||||
files, but doesn't work with others, depending on how an application
|
||||
actually accesses this overlayed data.
|
||||
|
||||
--overlay=copy Copy any extra data attached to the file. [DEFAULT]
|
||||
|
||||
--overlay=strip Strip any overlay from the program instead of
|
||||
copying it. Be warned, this may make the compressed
|
||||
program crash or otherwise unusable.
|
||||
|
||||
--overlay=skip Refuse to compress any program which has an overlay.
|
||||
|
||||
ENVIRONMENT
|
||||
The environment variable UPX can hold a set of default options for UPX.
|
||||
These options are interpreted first and can be overwritten by explicit
|
||||
command line parameters. For example:
|
||||
|
||||
for DOS/Windows: set UPX=-9 --compress-icons#0
|
||||
for sh/ksh/zsh: UPX="-9 --compress-icons=0"; export UPX
|
||||
for csh/tcsh: setenv UPX "-9 --compress-icons=0"
|
||||
|
||||
Under DOS/Windows you must use '#' instead of '=' when setting the
|
||||
environment variable because of a COMMAND.COM limitation.
|
||||
|
||||
Not all of the options are valid in the environment variable - UPX will
|
||||
tell you.
|
||||
|
||||
You can explicitly use the --no-env option to ignore the environment
|
||||
variable.
|
||||
|
||||
NOTES FOR THE SUPPORTED EXECUTABLE FORMATS
|
||||
NOTES FOR ATARI/TOS
|
||||
This is the executable format used by the Atari ST/TT, a Motorola 68000
|
||||
based personal computer which was popular in the late '80s. Support of
|
||||
this format is only because of nostalgic feelings of one of the authors
|
||||
and serves no practical purpose :-). See http://www.freemint.de for more
|
||||
info.
|
||||
|
||||
Packed programs will be byte-identical to the original after
|
||||
uncompression. All debug information will be stripped, though.
|
||||
|
||||
Extra options available for this executable format:
|
||||
|
||||
--all-methods Compress the program several times, using all
|
||||
available compression methods. This may improve
|
||||
the compression ratio in some cases, but usually
|
||||
the default method gives the best results anyway.
|
||||
|
||||
NOTES FOR BVMLINUZ/I386
|
||||
Same as vmlinuz/i386.
|
||||
|
||||
NOTES FOR DOS/COM
|
||||
Obviously UPX won't work with executables that want to read data from
|
||||
themselves (like some commandline utilities that ship with Win95/98/ME).
|
||||
|
||||
Compressed programs only work on a 286+.
|
||||
|
||||
Packed programs will be byte-identical to the original after
|
||||
uncompression.
|
||||
|
||||
Maximum uncompressed size: ~65100 bytes.
|
||||
|
||||
Extra options available for this executable format:
|
||||
|
||||
--8086 Create an executable that works on any 8086 CPU.
|
||||
|
||||
--all-methods Compress the program several times, using all
|
||||
available compression methods. This may improve
|
||||
the compression ratio in some cases, but usually
|
||||
the default method gives the best results anyway.
|
||||
|
||||
--all-filters Compress the program several times, using all
|
||||
available preprocessing filters. This may improve
|
||||
the compression ratio in some cases, but usually
|
||||
the default filter gives the best results anyway.
|
||||
|
||||
NOTES FOR DOS/EXE
|
||||
dos/exe stands for all "normal" 16-bit DOS executables.
|
||||
|
||||
Obviously UPX won't work with executables that want to read data from
|
||||
themselves (like some command line utilities that ship with
|
||||
Win95/98/ME).
|
||||
|
||||
Compressed programs only work on a 286+.
|
||||
|
||||
Extra options available for this executable format:
|
||||
|
||||
--8086 Create an executable that works on any 8086 CPU.
|
||||
|
||||
--no-reloc Use no relocation records in the exe header.
|
||||
|
||||
--all-methods Compress the program several times, using all
|
||||
available compression methods. This may improve
|
||||
the compression ratio in some cases, but usually
|
||||
the default method gives the best results anyway.
|
||||
|
||||
NOTES FOR DOS/SYS
|
||||
Compressed programs only work on a 286+.
|
||||
|
||||
Packed programs will be byte-identical to the original after
|
||||
uncompression.
|
||||
|
||||
Maximum uncompressed size: ~65350 bytes.
|
||||
|
||||
Extra options available for this executable format:
|
||||
|
||||
--8086 Create an executable that works on any 8086 CPU.
|
||||
|
||||
--all-methods Compress the program several times, using all
|
||||
available compression methods. This may improve
|
||||
the compression ratio in some cases, but usually
|
||||
the default method gives the best results anyway.
|
||||
|
||||
--all-filters Compress the program several times, using all
|
||||
available preprocessing filters. This may improve
|
||||
the compression ratio in some cases, but usually
|
||||
the default filter gives the best results anyway.
|
||||
|
||||
NOTES FOR DJGPP2/COFF
|
||||
First of all, it is recommended to use UPX *instead* of strip. strip has
|
||||
the very bad habit of replacing your stub with its own (outdated)
|
||||
version. Additionally UPX corrects a bug/feature in strip v2.8.x: it
|
||||
will fix the 4 KByte aligment of the stub.
|
||||
|
||||
UPX includes the full functionality of stubify. This means it will
|
||||
automatically stubify your COFF files. Use the option --coff to disable
|
||||
this functionality (see below).
|
||||
|
||||
UPX automatically handles Allegro packfiles.
|
||||
|
||||
The DLM format (a rather exotic shared library extension) is not
|
||||
supported.
|
||||
|
||||
Packed programs will be byte-identical to the original after
|
||||
uncompression. All debug information and trailing garbage will be
|
||||
stripped, though.
|
||||
|
||||
Extra options available for this executable format:
|
||||
|
||||
--coff Produce COFF output instead of EXE. By default
|
||||
UPX keeps your current stub.
|
||||
|
||||
--all-methods Compress the program several times, using all
|
||||
available compression methods. This may improve
|
||||
the compression ratio in some cases, but usually
|
||||
the default method gives the best results anyway.
|
||||
|
||||
--all-filters Compress the program several times, using all
|
||||
available preprocessing filters. This may improve
|
||||
the compression ratio in some cases, but usually
|
||||
the default filter gives the best results anyway.
|
||||
|
||||
NOTES FOR LINUX [general]
|
||||
Introduction
|
||||
|
||||
Linux/386 support in UPX consists of 3 different executable formats,
|
||||
one optimized for ELF excutables ("linux/elf386"), one optimized
|
||||
for shell scripts ("linux/sh386"), and one generic format
|
||||
("linux/386").
|
||||
|
||||
We will start with a general discussion first, but please
|
||||
also read the relevant docs for each of the individual formats.
|
||||
|
||||
Also, there is special support for bootable kernels - see the
|
||||
description of the vmlinuz/386 format.
|
||||
|
||||
General user's overview
|
||||
|
||||
Running a compressed executable program trades less space on a
|
||||
``permanent'' storage medium (such as a hard disk, floppy disk,
|
||||
CD-ROM, flash memory, EPROM, etc.) for more space in one or more
|
||||
``temporary'' storage media (such as RAM, swap space, /tmp, etc.).
|
||||
Running a compressed executable also requires some additional CPU
|
||||
cycles to generate the compressed executable in the first place,
|
||||
and to decompress it at each invocation.
|
||||
|
||||
How much space is traded? It depends on the executable, but many
|
||||
programs save 30% to 50% of permanent disk space. How much CPU
|
||||
overhead is there? Again, it depends on the executable, but
|
||||
decompression speed generally is at least many megabytes per second,
|
||||
and frequently is limited by the speed of the underlying disk
|
||||
or network I/O.
|
||||
|
||||
Depending on the statistics of usage and access, and the relative
|
||||
speeds of CPU, RAM, swap space, /tmp, and filesystem storage, then
|
||||
invoking and running a compressed executable can be faster than
|
||||
directly running the corresponding uncompressed program.
|
||||
The operating system might perfrom fewer expensive I/O operations
|
||||
to invoke the compressed program. Paging to or from swap space
|
||||
or /tmp might be faster than paging from the general filesystem.
|
||||
``Medium-sized'' programs which access about 1/3 to 1/2 of their
|
||||
stored program bytes can do particulary well with compression.
|
||||
Small programs tend not to benefit as much because the absolute
|
||||
savings is less. Big programs tend not to benefit proportionally
|
||||
because each invocation may use only a small fraction of the program,
|
||||
yet UPX decompresses the entire program before invoking it.
|
||||
But in environments where disk or flash memory storage is limited,
|
||||
then compression may win anyway.
|
||||
|
||||
Currently, executables compressed by UPX do not share RAM at runtime
|
||||
in the way that executables mapped from a filesystem do. As a
|
||||
result, if the same program is run simultaneously by more than one
|
||||
process, then using the compressed version will require more RAM and/or
|
||||
swap space. So, shell programs (bash, csh, etc.) and ``make''
|
||||
might not be good candidates for compression.
|
||||
|
||||
UPX recognizes three executable formats for Linux: Linux/elf386,
|
||||
Linux/sh386, and Linux/386. Linux/386 is the most generic format;
|
||||
it accommodates any file that can be executed. At runtime, the UPX
|
||||
decompression stub re-creates in /tmp a copy of the original file,
|
||||
and then the copy is (re-)executed with the same arguments.
|
||||
ELF binary executables prefer the Linux/elf386 format by default,
|
||||
because UPX decompresses them directly into RAM, uses only one
|
||||
exec, does not use space in /tmp, and does not use /proc.
|
||||
Shell scripts where the underlying shell accepts a ``-c'' argument
|
||||
can use the Linux/sh386 format. UPX decompresses the shell script
|
||||
into low memory, then maps the shell and passes the entire text of the
|
||||
script as an argument with a leading ``-c''.
|
||||
|
||||
General benefits:
|
||||
|
||||
- UPX can compress all executables, be it AOUT, ELF, libc4, libc5,
|
||||
libc6, Shell/Perl/Python/... scripts, standalone Java .class
|
||||
binaries, or whatever...
|
||||
All scripts and programs will work just as before.
|
||||
|
||||
- Compressed programs are completely self-contained. No need for
|
||||
any external program.
|
||||
|
||||
- UPX keeps your original program untouched. This means that
|
||||
after decompression you will have a byte-identical version,
|
||||
and you can use UPX as a file compressor just like gzip.
|
||||
[ Note that UPX maintains a checksum of the file internally,
|
||||
so it is indeed a reliable alternative. ]
|
||||
|
||||
- As the stub only uses syscalls and isn't linked against libc it
|
||||
should run under any Linux configuration that can run ELF
|
||||
binaries.
|
||||
|
||||
- For the same reason compressed executables should run under
|
||||
FreeBSD and other systems which can run Linux binaries.
|
||||
[ Please send feedback on this topic ]
|
||||
|
||||
General drawbacks:
|
||||
|
||||
- It is not advisable to compress programs which usually have many
|
||||
instances running (like `sh' or `make') because the common segments of
|
||||
compressed programs won't be shared any longer between different
|
||||
processes.
|
||||
|
||||
- `ldd' and `size' won't show anything useful because all they
|
||||
see is the statically linked stub. Since version 0.82 the section
|
||||
headers are stripped from the UPX stub and `size' doesn't even
|
||||
recognize the file format. The file patches/patch-elfcode.h has a
|
||||
patch to fix this bug in `size' and other programs which use GNU BFD.
|
||||
|
||||
General notes:
|
||||
|
||||
- As UPX leaves your original program untouched it is advantageous
|
||||
to strip it before compression.
|
||||
|
||||
- If you compress a script you will lose platform independence -
|
||||
this could be a problem if you are using NFS mounted disks.
|
||||
|
||||
- Compression of suid, guid and sticky-bit programs is rejected
|
||||
because of possible security implications.
|
||||
|
||||
- For the same reason there is no sense in making any compressed
|
||||
program suid.
|
||||
|
||||
- Obviously UPX won't work with executables that want to read data
|
||||
from themselves. E.g., this might be a problem for Perl scripts
|
||||
which access their __DATA__ lines.
|
||||
|
||||
- In case of internal errors the stub will abort with exitcode 127.
|
||||
Typical reasons for this to happen are that the program has somehow
|
||||
been modified after compression.
|
||||
Running `strace -o strace.log compressed_file' will tell you more.
|
||||
|
||||
NOTES FOR LINUX/ELF386
|
||||
Please read the general Linux description first.
|
||||
|
||||
The linux/elf386 format decompresses directly into RAM, uses only one
|
||||
exec, does not use space in /tmp, and does not use /proc.
|
||||
|
||||
Linux/elf386 is automatically selected for Linux ELF exectuables.
|
||||
|
||||
Packed programs will be byte-identical to the original after
|
||||
uncompression.
|
||||
|
||||
How it works:
|
||||
|
||||
For ELF executables, UPX decompresses directly to memory, simulating
|
||||
the mapping that the operating system kernel uses during exec(),
|
||||
including the PT_INTERP program interpreter (if any).
|
||||
The brk() is set by a special PT_LOAD segment in the compressed
|
||||
executable itself. UPX then wipes the stack clean except for
|
||||
arguments, environment variables, and Elf_auxv entries (this is
|
||||
required by bugs in the startup code of /lib/ld-linux.so as of
|
||||
May 2000), and transfers control to the program interpreter or
|
||||
the e_entry address of the original executable.
|
||||
|
||||
The UPX stub is about 1700 bytes long, partly written in assembler
|
||||
and only uses kernel syscalls. It is not linked against any libc.
|
||||
|
||||
Specific drawbacks:
|
||||
|
||||
- For linux/elf386 and linux/sh386 formats, you will be relying on
|
||||
RAM and swap space to hold all of the decompressed program during
|
||||
the lifetime of the process. If you already use most of your swap
|
||||
space, then you may run out. A system that is "out of memory"
|
||||
can become fragile. Many programs do not react gracefully when
|
||||
malloc() returns 0. With newer Linux kernels, the kernel
|
||||
may decide to kill some processes to regain memory, and you
|
||||
may not like the kernel's choice of which to kill. Running
|
||||
/usr/bin/top is one way to check on the usage of swap space.
|
||||
|
||||
Extra options available for this executable format:
|
||||
|
||||
(none)
|
||||
|
||||
NOTES FOR LINUX/SH386
|
||||
Please read the general Linux description first.
|
||||
|
||||
Shell scripts where the underling shell accepts a ``-c'' argument can
|
||||
use the Linux/sh386 format. UPX decompresses the shell script into low
|
||||
memory, then maps the shell and passes the entire text of the script as
|
||||
an argument with a leading ``-c''. It does not use space in /tmp, and
|
||||
does not use /proc.
|
||||
|
||||
Linux/sh386 is automatically selected for shell scripts that use a known
|
||||
shell.
|
||||
|
||||
Packed programs will be byte-identical to the original after
|
||||
uncompression.
|
||||
|
||||
How it works:
|
||||
|
||||
For shell script executables (files beginning with "#!/" or "#! /")
|
||||
where the shell is known to accept "-c <command>", UPX decompresses
|
||||
the file into low memory, then maps the shell (and its PT_INTERP),
|
||||
and passes control to the shell with the entire decompressed file
|
||||
as the argument after "-c". Known shells are sh, ash, bash, bsh, csh,
|
||||
ksh, tcsh, pdksh. Restriction: UPX cannot use this method
|
||||
for shell scripts which use the one optional string argument after
|
||||
the shell name in the script (example: "#! /bin/sh option3\n".)
|
||||
|
||||
The UPX stub is about 1700 bytes long, partly written in assembler
|
||||
and only uses kernel syscalls. It is not linked against any libc.
|
||||
|
||||
Specific drawbacks:
|
||||
|
||||
- For linux/elf386 and linux/sh386 formats, you will be relying on
|
||||
RAM and swap space to hold all of the decompressed program during
|
||||
the lifetime of the process. If you already use most of your swap
|
||||
space, then you may run out. A system that is "out of memory"
|
||||
can become fragile. Many programs do not react gracefully when
|
||||
malloc() returns 0. With newer Linux kernels, the kernel
|
||||
may decide to kill some processes to regain memory, and you
|
||||
may not like the kernel's choice of which to kill. Running
|
||||
/usr/bin/top is one way to check on the usage of swap space.
|
||||
|
||||
Extra options available for this executable format:
|
||||
|
||||
(none)
|
||||
|
||||
NOTES FOR LINUX/386
|
||||
Please read the general Linux description first.
|
||||
|
||||
The generic linux/386 format decompresses to /tmp and needs /proc
|
||||
filesystem support. It starts the decompressed program via the execve()
|
||||
syscall.
|
||||
|
||||
Linux/386 is only selected if the specialized linux/elf386 and
|
||||
linux/sh386 won't recognize a file.
|
||||
|
||||
Packed programs will be byte-identical to the original after
|
||||
uncompression.
|
||||
|
||||
How it works:
|
||||
|
||||
For files which are not ELF and not a script for a known "-c" shell,
|
||||
UPX uses kernel execve(), which first requires decompressing to a
|
||||
temporary file in the filesystem. Interestingly -
|
||||
because of the good memory management of the Linux kernel - this
|
||||
often does not introduce a noticable delay, and in fact there
|
||||
will be no disk access at all if you have enough free memory as
|
||||
the entire process takes places within the filesystem buffers.
|
||||
|
||||
A compressed executable consists of the UPX stub and an overlay
|
||||
which contains the original program in a compressed form.
|
||||
|
||||
The UPX stub is a statically linked ELF executable and does
|
||||
the following at program startup:
|
||||
|
||||
1) decompress the overlay to a temporary location in /tmp
|
||||
2) open the temporary file for reading
|
||||
3) try to delete the temporary file and start (execve)
|
||||
the uncompressed program in /tmp using /proc/<pid>/fd/X as
|
||||
attained by step 2)
|
||||
4) if that fails, fork off a subprocess to clean up and
|
||||
start the program in /tmp in the meantime
|
||||
|
||||
The UPX stub is about 1700 bytes long, partly written in assembler
|
||||
and only uses kernel syscalls. It is not linked against any libc.
|
||||
|
||||
Specific drawbacks:
|
||||
|
||||
- You need additional free disk space for the uncompressed program
|
||||
in your /tmp directory. This program is deleted immediately after
|
||||
decompression, but you still need it for the full execution time
|
||||
of the program.
|
||||
|
||||
- You must have /proc filesystem support as the stub wants to open
|
||||
/proc/<pid>/exe and needs /proc/<pid>/fd/X. This also means that you
|
||||
cannot compress programs that are used during the boot sequence
|
||||
before /proc is mounted.
|
||||
|
||||
- Utilities like `top' will display numerical values in the process
|
||||
name field. This is because Linux computes the process name from
|
||||
the first argument of the last execve syscall (which is typically
|
||||
something like /proc/<pid>/fd/3).
|
||||
|
||||
- Because of temporary decompression to disk the decompression speed
|
||||
is not as fast as with the other executable formats. Still, I can see
|
||||
no noticable delay when starting programs like my ~3 MB emacs (which
|
||||
is less than 1 MB when compressed :-).
|
||||
|
||||
Extra options available for this executable format:
|
||||
|
||||
--force-execve Force the use of the generic linux/386 "execve"
|
||||
format, i.e. do not try the linux/elf386 and
|
||||
linux/sh386 formats.
|
||||
|
||||
NOTES FOR PS1/EXE
|
||||
This is the executable format used by the Sony PlayStation (PSone), a
|
||||
Mips R3000 based gaming console which is popular since the late '90s.
|
||||
Support of this format is very similar to the Atari one, because of
|
||||
nostalgic feelings of one of the authors.
|
||||
|
||||
Packed programs will be byte-identical to the original after
|
||||
uncompression, until further notice.
|
||||
|
||||
Maximum uncompressed size: ~1998848 bytes.
|
||||
|
||||
Notes:
|
||||
|
||||
- UPX creates as default a 'CD-Rom only' PS1/PS2 compatible executable.
|
||||
For transfer between client/target use options below.
|
||||
|
||||
- Normally the packed files use the same memory areas like the uncompressed
|
||||
versions, so they will not override other memory areas while unpacking.
|
||||
If this isn't possible UPX will abort showing a 'packed data overlap'
|
||||
error. With the "--force" option UPX will set a few 'bytes higher' loading
|
||||
offset for the packed file, but this isn't a real problem if it is a
|
||||
single or boot-only executable.
|
||||
|
||||
Extra options available for this executable format:
|
||||
|
||||
--all-methods Compress the program several times, using all
|
||||
available compression methods. This may improve
|
||||
the compression ratio in some cases, but usually
|
||||
the default method gives the best results anyway.
|
||||
|
||||
--boot-only The format will only run from a CD and may slightly
|
||||
improves the compression ratio. The decompression
|
||||
routines are faster than default ones.
|
||||
But it cannot be used for host/client transfer !
|
||||
|
||||
--no-align This option disables CD mode 2 data sector format
|
||||
alignment. May slightly improves the compression ratio,
|
||||
but the compressed executable will not boot from a CD.
|
||||
Use it for client/target transfer only !
|
||||
|
||||
NOTES FOR RTM32/PE and ARM/PE
|
||||
Same as win32/pe.
|
||||
|
||||
NOTES FOR TMT/ADAM
|
||||
This format is used by the TMT Pascal compiler - see http://www.tmt.com/
|
||||
.
|
||||
|
||||
Extra options available for this executable format:
|
||||
|
||||
--all-methods Compress the program several times, using all
|
||||
available compression methods. This may improve
|
||||
the compression ratio in some cases, but usually
|
||||
the default method gives the best results anyway.
|
||||
|
||||
--all-filters Compress the program several times, using all
|
||||
available preprocessing filters. This may improve
|
||||
the compression ratio in some cases, but usually
|
||||
the default filter gives the best results anyway.
|
||||
|
||||
NOTES FOR VMLINUZ/386
|
||||
The vmlinuz/386 and bvmlinuz/386 formats take a gzip-compressed bootable
|
||||
Linux kernel image ("vmlinuz", "zImage", "bzImage"), gzip-decompress it
|
||||
and re-compress it with the UPX compression method.
|
||||
|
||||
vmlinuz/386 is completely unrelated to the other Linux executable
|
||||
formats, and it does not share any of their drawbacks.
|
||||
|
||||
Notes:
|
||||
|
||||
- Be sure that "vmlinuz/386" or "bvmlinuz/386" is displayed
|
||||
during compression - otherwise a wrong executable format
|
||||
may have been used, and the kernel won't boot.
|
||||
|
||||
Benefits:
|
||||
|
||||
- Better compression (but note that the kernel was already compressed,
|
||||
so the improvement is not as large as with other formats).
|
||||
Still, the bytes saved may be essential for special needs like
|
||||
bootdisks.
|
||||
|
||||
For example, this is what I get for my 2.2.16 kernel:
|
||||
1589708 vmlinux
|
||||
641073 bzImage [original]
|
||||
560755 bzImage.upx [compressed by "upx -9"]
|
||||
|
||||
- Much faster decompression at kernel boot time (but kernel
|
||||
decompression speed is not really an issue these days).
|
||||
|
||||
Drawbacks:
|
||||
|
||||
(none)
|
||||
|
||||
Extra options available for this executable format:
|
||||
|
||||
--all-methods Compress the program several times, using all
|
||||
available compression methods. This may improve
|
||||
the compression ratio in some cases, but usually
|
||||
the default method gives the best results anyway.
|
||||
|
||||
--all-filters Compress the program several times, using all
|
||||
available preprocessing filters. This may improve
|
||||
the compression ratio in some cases, but usually
|
||||
the default filter gives the best results anyway.
|
||||
|
||||
NOTES FOR WATCOM/LE
|
||||
UPX has been successfully tested with the following extenders: DOS4G,
|
||||
DOS4GW, PMODE/W, DOS32a, CauseWay. The WDOS/X extender is partly
|
||||
supported (for details see the file bugs BUGS).
|
||||
|
||||
DLLs and the LX format are not supported.
|
||||
|
||||
Extra options available for this executable format:
|
||||
|
||||
--le Produce an unbound LE output instead of
|
||||
keeping the current stub.
|
||||
|
||||
NOTES FOR WIN32/PE
|
||||
The PE support in UPX is quite stable now, but probably there are still
|
||||
some incompabilities with some files.
|
||||
|
||||
Because of the way UPX (and other packers for this format) works, you
|
||||
can see increased memory usage of your compressed files because the
|
||||
whole program is loaded into memory at startup. If you start several
|
||||
instances of huge compressed programs you're wasting memory because the
|
||||
common segements of the program won't get shared across the instances.
|
||||
On the other hand if you're compressing only smaller programs, or
|
||||
running only one instance of larger programs, then this penalty is
|
||||
smaller, but it's still there.
|
||||
|
||||
If you're running executables from network, then compressed programs
|
||||
will load faster, and require less bandwidth during execution.
|
||||
|
||||
DLLs are supported. But UPX compressed DLLs can not share common data
|
||||
and code when they got used by multiple applications. So compressing
|
||||
msvcrt.dll is a waste of memory, but compressing the dll plugins of a
|
||||
particular application may be a better idea.
|
||||
|
||||
Screensavers are supported, with the restriction that the filename must
|
||||
end with ".scr" (as screensavers are handled slightly different than
|
||||
normal exe files).
|
||||
|
||||
UPX compressed PE files has some minor memory overhead (usually in the
|
||||
10 - 30 kbytes range) which can be seen by specifying the "-i" command
|
||||
line switch during compression.
|
||||
|
||||
Extra options available for this executable format:
|
||||
|
||||
--compress-exports=0 Don't compress the export section.
|
||||
Use this if you plan to run the compressed
|
||||
program under Wine.
|
||||
--compress-exports=1 Compress the export section. [DEFAULT]
|
||||
Compression of the export section can improve the
|
||||
compression ratio quite a bit but may not work
|
||||
with all programs (like winword.exe).
|
||||
UPX never compresses the export section of a DLL
|
||||
regardless of this option.
|
||||
|
||||
--compress-icons=0 Don't compress any icons.
|
||||
--compress-icons=1 Compress all but the first icon.
|
||||
--compress-icons=2 Compress all icons which are not in the
|
||||
first icon directory. [DEFAULT]
|
||||
|
||||
--compress-resources=0 Don't compress any resources at all.
|
||||
|
||||
--keep-resource=list Don't compress resources specified by the list.
|
||||
The members of the list are separated by commas.
|
||||
A list member has the following format: I<type[/name]>.
|
||||
I<Type> is the type of the resource. Standard types
|
||||
must be specified as decimal numbers, user types can be
|
||||
specified by decimal IDs or strings. I<Name> is the
|
||||
identifier of the resource. It can be a decimal number
|
||||
or a string. For example:
|
||||
|
||||
--keep-resource=2/MYBITMAP,5,6/12345
|
||||
|
||||
UPX won't compress the named bitmap resource "MYBITMAP",
|
||||
it leaves every dialog (5) resource uncompressed, and
|
||||
it won't touch the string table resource with identifier
|
||||
12345.
|
||||
|
||||
--force Force compression even when there is an
|
||||
unexpected value in a header field.
|
||||
Use with care.
|
||||
|
||||
--strip-relocs=0 Don't strip relocation records.
|
||||
--strip-relocs=1 Strip relocation records. [DEFAULT]
|
||||
This option only works on executables with base
|
||||
address greater or equal to 0x400000. Usually the
|
||||
compressed files becomes smaller, but some files
|
||||
may become larger. Note that the resulting file will
|
||||
not work under Windows 3.x (Win32s).
|
||||
UPX never strips relocations from a DLL
|
||||
regardless of this option.
|
||||
|
||||
--all-methods Compress the program several times, using all
|
||||
available compression methods. This may improve
|
||||
the compression ratio in some cases, but usually
|
||||
the default method gives the best results anyway.
|
||||
|
||||
--all-filters Compress the program several times, using all
|
||||
available preprocessing filters. This may improve
|
||||
the compression ratio in some cases, but usually
|
||||
the default filter gives the best results anyway.
|
||||
|
||||
DIAGNOSTICS
|
||||
Exit status is normally 0; if an error occurs, exit status is 1. If a
|
||||
warning occurs, exit status is 2.
|
||||
|
||||
UPX's diagnostics are intended to be self-explanatory.
|
||||
|
||||
BUGS
|
||||
Please report all bugs immediately to the authors.
|
||||
|
||||
AUTHORS
|
||||
Markus F.X.J. Oberhumer <markus@oberhumer.com>
|
||||
http://www.oberhumer.com
|
||||
|
||||
Laszlo Molnar <ml1050@users.sourceforge.net>
|
||||
|
||||
John F. Reiser <jreiser@BitWagon.com>
|
||||
|
||||
Jens Medoch <jssg@users.sourceforge.net>
|
||||
|
||||
COPYRIGHT
|
||||
Copyright (C) 1996-2006 Markus Franz Xaver Johannes Oberhumer
|
||||
|
||||
Copyright (C) 1996-2006 Laszlo Molnar
|
||||
|
||||
Copyright (C) 2000-2006 John F. Reiser
|
||||
|
||||
Copyright (C) 2002-2006 Jens Medoch
|
||||
|
||||
This program may be used freely, and you are welcome to redistribute it
|
||||
under certain conditions.
|
||||
|
||||
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
|
||||
WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
|
||||
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the UPX License
|
||||
Agreement for more details.
|
||||
|
||||
You should have received a copy of the UPX License Agreement along with
|
||||
this program; see the file LICENSE. If not, visit the UPX home page.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,888 +0,0 @@
|
|||
<?xml version="1.0" ?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
|
||||
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<title>upx - compress or expand executable files</title>
|
||||
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
|
||||
<link rev="made" href="mailto:root@localhost" />
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
|
||||
<body style="background-color: white">
|
||||
|
||||
<p><a name="__index__"></a></p>
|
||||
<!-- INDEX BEGIN -->
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
|
||||
<ul>
|
||||
|
||||
<li><a href="#name">NAME</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="#synopsis">SYNOPSIS</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="#abstract">ABSTRACT</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="#disclaimer">DISCLAIMER</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="#description">DESCRIPTION</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="#commands">COMMANDS</a></li>
|
||||
<ul>
|
||||
|
||||
<li><a href="#compress">Compress</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="#decompress">Decompress</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="#test">Test</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="#list">List</a></li>
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
|
||||
<li><a href="#options">OPTIONS</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="#compression_levels___tuning">COMPRESSION LEVELS & TUNING</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="#overlay_handling_options">OVERLAY HANDLING OPTIONS</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="#environment">ENVIRONMENT</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="#notes_for_the_supported_executable_formats">NOTES FOR THE SUPPORTED EXECUTABLE FORMATS</a></li>
|
||||
<ul>
|
||||
|
||||
<li><a href="#notes_for_atari_tos">NOTES FOR ATARI/TOS</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="#notes_for_bvmlinuz_i386">NOTES FOR BVMLINUZ/I386</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="#notes_for_dos_com">NOTES FOR DOS/COM</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="#notes_for_dos_exe">NOTES FOR DOS/EXE</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="#notes_for_dos_sys">NOTES FOR DOS/SYS</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="#notes_for_djgpp2_coff">NOTES FOR DJGPP2/COFF</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="#notes_for_linux__general_">NOTES FOR LINUX [general]</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="#notes_for_linux_elf386">NOTES FOR LINUX/ELF386</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="#notes_for_linux_sh386">NOTES FOR LINUX/SH386</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="#notes_for_linux_386">NOTES FOR LINUX/386</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="#notes_for_ps1_exe">NOTES FOR PS1/EXE</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="#notes_for_rtm32_pe_and_arm_pe">NOTES FOR RTM32/PE and ARM/PE</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="#notes_for_tmt_adam">NOTES FOR TMT/ADAM</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="#notes_for_vmlinuz_386">NOTES FOR VMLINUZ/386</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="#notes_for_watcom_le">NOTES FOR WATCOM/LE</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="#notes_for_win32_pe">NOTES FOR WIN32/PE</a></li>
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
|
||||
<li><a href="#diagnostics">DIAGNOSTICS</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="#bugs">BUGS</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="#authors">AUTHORS</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="#copyright">COPYRIGHT</a></li>
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
-->
|
||||
<!-- INDEX END -->
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h1><a name="name">NAME</a></h1>
|
||||
<p>upx - compress or expand executable files</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<hr />
|
||||
<h1><a name="synopsis">SYNOPSIS</a></h1>
|
||||
<p><strong>upx</strong> [ <em>command</em> ] [ <em>options</em> ] <em>filename</em>...</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<hr />
|
||||
<h1><a name="abstract">ABSTRACT</a></h1>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
The Ultimate Packer for eXecutables
|
||||
Copyright (c) 1996-2006 Markus Oberhumer, Laszlo Molnar & John Reiser
|
||||
<a href="http://upx.sourceforge.net">http://upx.sourceforge.net</a></pre>
|
||||
<p><strong>UPX</strong> is a portable, extendable, high-performance executable packer for
|
||||
several different executable formats. It achieves an excellent compression
|
||||
ratio and offers <em>*very*</em> fast decompression. Your executables suffer
|
||||
no memory overhead or other drawbacks for most of the formats supported,
|
||||
because of in-place decompression.</p>
|
||||
<p>While you may use <strong>UPX</strong> freely for both non-commercial and commercial
|
||||
executables (for details see the file LICENSE), we would highly
|
||||
appreciate if you credit <strong>UPX</strong> and ourselves in the documentation,
|
||||
possibly including a reference to the <strong>UPX</strong> home page. Thanks.</p>
|
||||
<p>[ Using <strong>UPX</strong> in non-OpenSource applications without proper credits
|
||||
is considered not politically correct ;-) ]</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<hr />
|
||||
<h1><a name="disclaimer">DISCLAIMER</a></h1>
|
||||
<p><strong>UPX</strong> comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details see the file LICENSE.</p>
|
||||
<p>This is the first production quality release, and we plan that future 1.xx
|
||||
releases will be backward compatible with this version.</p>
|
||||
<p>Please report all problems or suggestions to the authors. Thanks.</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<hr />
|
||||
<h1><a name="description">DESCRIPTION</a></h1>
|
||||
<p><strong>UPX</strong> is a versatile executable packer with the following features:</p>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
- excellent compression ratio: compresses better than zip/gzip,
|
||||
use UPX to decrease the size of your distribution !</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
- very fast decompression: about 10 MB/sec on an ancient Pentium 133,
|
||||
about 200 MB/sec on an Athlon XP 2000+.</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
- no memory overhead for your compressed executables for most of the
|
||||
supported formats</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
- safe: you can list, test and unpack your executables
|
||||
Also, a checksum of both the compressed and uncompressed file is
|
||||
maintained internally.</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
- universal: UPX can pack a number of executable formats:
|
||||
* atari/tos
|
||||
* bvmlinuz/386 [bootable Linux kernel]
|
||||
* djgpp2/coff
|
||||
* dos/com
|
||||
* dos/exe
|
||||
* dos/sys
|
||||
* linux/386
|
||||
* linux/elf386
|
||||
* linux/sh386
|
||||
* ps1/exe
|
||||
* rtm32/pe
|
||||
* tmt/adam
|
||||
* vmlinuz/386 [bootable Linux kernel]
|
||||
* vmlinux/386
|
||||
* watcom/le (supporting DOS4G, PMODE/W, DOS32a and CauseWay)
|
||||
* win32/pe (exe and dll)
|
||||
* arm/pe (exe and dll)
|
||||
* linux/elfamd64
|
||||
* linux/elfppc32
|
||||
* mach/elfppc32</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
- portable: UPX is written in portable endian-neutral C++</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
- extendable: because of the class layout it's very easy to support
|
||||
new executable formats or add new compression algorithms</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
- free: UPX can be distributed and used freely. And from version 0.99
|
||||
the full source code of UPX is released under the GNU General Public
|
||||
License (GPL) !</pre>
|
||||
<p>You probably understand now why we call <strong>UPX</strong> the ``<em>ultimate</em>''
|
||||
executable packer.</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<hr />
|
||||
<h1><a name="commands">COMMANDS</a></h1>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h2><a name="compress">Compress</a></h2>
|
||||
<p>This is the default operation, eg. <strong>upx yourfile.exe</strong> will compress the file
|
||||
specified on the command line.</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h2><a name="decompress">Decompress</a></h2>
|
||||
<p>All <strong>UPX</strong> supported file formats can be unpacked using the <strong>-d</strong> switch, eg.
|
||||
<strong>upx -d yourfile.exe</strong> will uncompress the file you've just compressed.</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h2><a name="test">Test</a></h2>
|
||||
<p>The <strong>-t</strong> command tests the integrity of the compressed and uncompressed
|
||||
data, eg. <strong>upx -t yourfile.exe</strong> check whether your file can be safely
|
||||
decompressed. Note, that this command doesn't check the whole file, only
|
||||
the part that will be uncompressed during program execution. This means
|
||||
that you should not use this command instead of a virus checker.</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h2><a name="list">List</a></h2>
|
||||
<p>The <strong>-l</strong> command prints out some information about the compressed files
|
||||
specified on the command line as parameters, eg <strong>upx -l yourfile.exe</strong>
|
||||
shows the compressed / uncompressed size and the compression ratio of
|
||||
<em>yourfile.exe</em>.</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<hr />
|
||||
<h1><a name="options">OPTIONS</a></h1>
|
||||
<p><strong>-q</strong>: be quiet, suppress warnings</p>
|
||||
<p><strong>-q -q</strong> (or <strong>-qq</strong>): be very quiet, suppress errors</p>
|
||||
<p><strong>-q -q -q</strong> (or <strong>-qqq</strong>): produce no output at all</p>
|
||||
<p><strong>--help</strong>: prints the help</p>
|
||||
<p><strong>--version</strong>: print the version of <strong>UPX</strong></p>
|
||||
<p>[ ...to be written... - type `<strong>upx --help</strong>' for now ]</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<hr />
|
||||
<h1><a name="compression_levels___tuning">COMPRESSION LEVELS & TUNING</a></h1>
|
||||
<p><strong>UPX</strong> offers ten different compression levels from <strong>-1</strong> to <strong>-9</strong>,
|
||||
and <strong>--best</strong>. The default compression level is <strong>-8</strong> for files
|
||||
smaller than 512 kB, and <strong>-7</strong> otherwise.</p>
|
||||
<ul>
|
||||
<li>
|
||||
<p>Compression levels 1, 2 and 3 are pretty fast.</p>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li>
|
||||
<p>Compression levels 4, 5 and 6 achieve a good time/ratio performance.</p>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li>
|
||||
<p>Compression levels 7, 8 and 9 favor compression ratio over speed.</p>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li>
|
||||
<p>Compression level <strong>--best</strong> may take a long time.</p>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
<p>Note that compression level <strong>--best</strong> can be somewhat slow for large
|
||||
files, but you definitely should use it when releasing a final version
|
||||
of your program.</p>
|
||||
<p>Quick start for achieving the best compression ratio:</p>
|
||||
<p>Try <strong>upx --brute myfile.exe</strong>.</p>
|
||||
<p>Details for achieving the best compression ratio:</p>
|
||||
<ul>
|
||||
<li>
|
||||
<p>Use the compression level <strong>--best</strong>.</p>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li>
|
||||
<p>Try one or both of the options <strong>--all-methods</strong> and <strong>--all-filters</strong>.</p>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li>
|
||||
<p>Try the option <strong>--crp-ms=NUMBER</strong>. This uses more memory during compression
|
||||
to achieve a (slightly) better compression ratio.</p>
|
||||
<p>NUMBER must be a decimal value from 10000 to 999999, inclusive.
|
||||
The default value is 10000 (ten thousand).</p>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li>
|
||||
<p>Info: the option <strong>--brute</strong> is an abbrevation for the options
|
||||
<strong>--best --all-methods --all-filters --crp-ms=999999</strong>.</p>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li>
|
||||
<p>Try if <strong>--overlay=strip</strong> works.</p>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li>
|
||||
<p>For win32/pe programs there's <strong>--strip-relocs=0</strong>. See notes below.</p>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<hr />
|
||||
<h1><a name="overlay_handling_options">OVERLAY HANDLING OPTIONS</a></h1>
|
||||
<p>Info: An ``overlay'' means auxillary data atached after the logical end of
|
||||
an executable, and it often contains application specific data
|
||||
(this is a common practice to avoid an extra data file, though
|
||||
it would be better to use resource sections).</p>
|
||||
<p><strong>UPX</strong> handles overlays like many other executable packers do: it simply
|
||||
copies the overlay after the compressed image. This works with some
|
||||
files, but doesn't work with others, depending on how an application
|
||||
actually accesses this overlayed data.</p>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
--overlay=copy Copy any extra data attached to the file. [DEFAULT]</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
--overlay=strip Strip any overlay from the program instead of
|
||||
copying it. Be warned, this may make the compressed
|
||||
program crash or otherwise unusable.</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
--overlay=skip Refuse to compress any program which has an overlay.</pre>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<hr />
|
||||
<h1><a name="environment">ENVIRONMENT</a></h1>
|
||||
<p>The environment variable <strong>UPX</strong> can hold a set of default
|
||||
options for <strong>UPX</strong>. These options are interpreted first and
|
||||
can be overwritten by explicit command line parameters.
|
||||
For example:</p>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
for DOS/Windows: set UPX=-9 --compress-icons#0
|
||||
for sh/ksh/zsh: UPX="-9 --compress-icons=0"; export UPX
|
||||
for csh/tcsh: setenv UPX "-9 --compress-icons=0"</pre>
|
||||
<p>Under DOS/Windows you must use '#' instead of '=' when setting the
|
||||
environment variable because of a COMMAND.COM limitation.</p>
|
||||
<p>Not all of the options are valid in the environment variable -
|
||||
<strong>UPX</strong> will tell you.</p>
|
||||
<p>You can explicitly use the <strong>--no-env</strong> option to ignore the
|
||||
environment variable.</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<hr />
|
||||
<h1><a name="notes_for_the_supported_executable_formats">NOTES FOR THE SUPPORTED EXECUTABLE FORMATS</a></h1>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h2><a name="notes_for_atari_tos">NOTES FOR ATARI/TOS</a></h2>
|
||||
<p>This is the executable format used by the Atari ST/TT, a Motorola 68000
|
||||
based personal computer which was popular in the late '80s. Support
|
||||
of this format is only because of nostalgic feelings of one of
|
||||
the authors and serves no practical purpose :-).
|
||||
See <a href="http://www.freemint.de">http://www.freemint.de</a> for more info.</p>
|
||||
<p>Packed programs will be byte-identical to the original after uncompression.
|
||||
All debug information will be stripped, though.</p>
|
||||
<p>Extra options available for this executable format:</p>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
--all-methods Compress the program several times, using all
|
||||
available compression methods. This may improve
|
||||
the compression ratio in some cases, but usually
|
||||
the default method gives the best results anyway.</pre>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h2><a name="notes_for_bvmlinuz_i386">NOTES FOR BVMLINUZ/I386</a></h2>
|
||||
<p>Same as vmlinuz/i386.</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h2><a name="notes_for_dos_com">NOTES FOR DOS/COM</a></h2>
|
||||
<p>Obviously <strong>UPX</strong> won't work with executables that want to read data from
|
||||
themselves (like some commandline utilities that ship with Win95/98/ME).</p>
|
||||
<p>Compressed programs only work on a 286+.</p>
|
||||
<p>Packed programs will be byte-identical to the original after uncompression.</p>
|
||||
<p>Maximum uncompressed size: ~65100 bytes.</p>
|
||||
<p>Extra options available for this executable format:</p>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
--8086 Create an executable that works on any 8086 CPU.</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
--all-methods Compress the program several times, using all
|
||||
available compression methods. This may improve
|
||||
the compression ratio in some cases, but usually
|
||||
the default method gives the best results anyway.</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
--all-filters Compress the program several times, using all
|
||||
available preprocessing filters. This may improve
|
||||
the compression ratio in some cases, but usually
|
||||
the default filter gives the best results anyway.</pre>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h2><a name="notes_for_dos_exe">NOTES FOR DOS/EXE</a></h2>
|
||||
<p>dos/exe stands for all ``normal'' 16-bit DOS executables.</p>
|
||||
<p>Obviously <strong>UPX</strong> won't work with executables that want to read data from
|
||||
themselves (like some command line utilities that ship with Win95/98/ME).</p>
|
||||
<p>Compressed programs only work on a 286+.</p>
|
||||
<p>Extra options available for this executable format:</p>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
--8086 Create an executable that works on any 8086 CPU.</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
--no-reloc Use no relocation records in the exe header.</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
--all-methods Compress the program several times, using all
|
||||
available compression methods. This may improve
|
||||
the compression ratio in some cases, but usually
|
||||
the default method gives the best results anyway.</pre>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h2><a name="notes_for_dos_sys">NOTES FOR DOS/SYS</a></h2>
|
||||
<p>Compressed programs only work on a 286+.</p>
|
||||
<p>Packed programs will be byte-identical to the original after uncompression.</p>
|
||||
<p>Maximum uncompressed size: ~65350 bytes.</p>
|
||||
<p>Extra options available for this executable format:</p>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
--8086 Create an executable that works on any 8086 CPU.</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
--all-methods Compress the program several times, using all
|
||||
available compression methods. This may improve
|
||||
the compression ratio in some cases, but usually
|
||||
the default method gives the best results anyway.</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
--all-filters Compress the program several times, using all
|
||||
available preprocessing filters. This may improve
|
||||
the compression ratio in some cases, but usually
|
||||
the default filter gives the best results anyway.</pre>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h2><a name="notes_for_djgpp2_coff">NOTES FOR DJGPP2/COFF</a></h2>
|
||||
<p>First of all, it is recommended to use <strong>UPX</strong> *instead* of <strong>strip</strong>. strip has
|
||||
the very bad habit of replacing your stub with its own (outdated) version.
|
||||
Additionally <strong>UPX</strong> corrects a bug/feature in strip v2.8.x: it
|
||||
will fix the 4 KByte aligment of the stub.</p>
|
||||
<p><strong>UPX</strong> includes the full functionality of stubify. This means it will
|
||||
automatically stubify your COFF files. Use the option <strong>--coff</strong> to
|
||||
disable this functionality (see below).</p>
|
||||
<p><strong>UPX</strong> automatically handles Allegro packfiles.</p>
|
||||
<p>The DLM format (a rather exotic shared library extension) is not supported.</p>
|
||||
<p>Packed programs will be byte-identical to the original after uncompression.
|
||||
All debug information and trailing garbage will be stripped, though.</p>
|
||||
<p>Extra options available for this executable format:</p>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
--coff Produce COFF output instead of EXE. By default
|
||||
UPX keeps your current stub.</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
--all-methods Compress the program several times, using all
|
||||
available compression methods. This may improve
|
||||
the compression ratio in some cases, but usually
|
||||
the default method gives the best results anyway.</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
--all-filters Compress the program several times, using all
|
||||
available preprocessing filters. This may improve
|
||||
the compression ratio in some cases, but usually
|
||||
the default filter gives the best results anyway.</pre>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h2><a name="notes_for_linux__general_">NOTES FOR LINUX [general]</a></h2>
|
||||
<p>Introduction</p>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
Linux/386 support in UPX consists of 3 different executable formats,
|
||||
one optimized for ELF excutables ("linux/elf386"), one optimized
|
||||
for shell scripts ("linux/sh386"), and one generic format
|
||||
("linux/386").</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
We will start with a general discussion first, but please
|
||||
also read the relevant docs for each of the individual formats.</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
Also, there is special support for bootable kernels - see the
|
||||
description of the vmlinuz/386 format.</pre>
|
||||
<p>General user's overview</p>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
Running a compressed executable program trades less space on a
|
||||
``permanent'' storage medium (such as a hard disk, floppy disk,
|
||||
CD-ROM, flash memory, EPROM, etc.) for more space in one or more
|
||||
``temporary'' storage media (such as RAM, swap space, /tmp, etc.).
|
||||
Running a compressed executable also requires some additional CPU
|
||||
cycles to generate the compressed executable in the first place,
|
||||
and to decompress it at each invocation.</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
How much space is traded? It depends on the executable, but many
|
||||
programs save 30% to 50% of permanent disk space. How much CPU
|
||||
overhead is there? Again, it depends on the executable, but
|
||||
decompression speed generally is at least many megabytes per second,
|
||||
and frequently is limited by the speed of the underlying disk
|
||||
or network I/O.</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
Depending on the statistics of usage and access, and the relative
|
||||
speeds of CPU, RAM, swap space, /tmp, and filesystem storage, then
|
||||
invoking and running a compressed executable can be faster than
|
||||
directly running the corresponding uncompressed program.
|
||||
The operating system might perfrom fewer expensive I/O operations
|
||||
to invoke the compressed program. Paging to or from swap space
|
||||
or /tmp might be faster than paging from the general filesystem.
|
||||
``Medium-sized'' programs which access about 1/3 to 1/2 of their
|
||||
stored program bytes can do particulary well with compression.
|
||||
Small programs tend not to benefit as much because the absolute
|
||||
savings is less. Big programs tend not to benefit proportionally
|
||||
because each invocation may use only a small fraction of the program,
|
||||
yet UPX decompresses the entire program before invoking it.
|
||||
But in environments where disk or flash memory storage is limited,
|
||||
then compression may win anyway.</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
Currently, executables compressed by UPX do not share RAM at runtime
|
||||
in the way that executables mapped from a filesystem do. As a
|
||||
result, if the same program is run simultaneously by more than one
|
||||
process, then using the compressed version will require more RAM and/or
|
||||
swap space. So, shell programs (bash, csh, etc.) and ``make''
|
||||
might not be good candidates for compression.</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
UPX recognizes three executable formats for Linux: Linux/elf386,
|
||||
Linux/sh386, and Linux/386. Linux/386 is the most generic format;
|
||||
it accommodates any file that can be executed. At runtime, the UPX
|
||||
decompression stub re-creates in /tmp a copy of the original file,
|
||||
and then the copy is (re-)executed with the same arguments.
|
||||
ELF binary executables prefer the Linux/elf386 format by default,
|
||||
because UPX decompresses them directly into RAM, uses only one
|
||||
exec, does not use space in /tmp, and does not use /proc.
|
||||
Shell scripts where the underlying shell accepts a ``-c'' argument
|
||||
can use the Linux/sh386 format. UPX decompresses the shell script
|
||||
into low memory, then maps the shell and passes the entire text of the
|
||||
script as an argument with a leading ``-c''.</pre>
|
||||
<p>General benefits:</p>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
- UPX can compress all executables, be it AOUT, ELF, libc4, libc5,
|
||||
libc6, Shell/Perl/Python/... scripts, standalone Java .class
|
||||
binaries, or whatever...
|
||||
All scripts and programs will work just as before.</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
- Compressed programs are completely self-contained. No need for
|
||||
any external program.</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
- UPX keeps your original program untouched. This means that
|
||||
after decompression you will have a byte-identical version,
|
||||
and you can use UPX as a file compressor just like gzip.
|
||||
[ Note that UPX maintains a checksum of the file internally,
|
||||
so it is indeed a reliable alternative. ]</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
- As the stub only uses syscalls and isn't linked against libc it
|
||||
should run under any Linux configuration that can run ELF
|
||||
binaries.</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
- For the same reason compressed executables should run under
|
||||
FreeBSD and other systems which can run Linux binaries.
|
||||
[ Please send feedback on this topic ]</pre>
|
||||
<p>General drawbacks:</p>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
- It is not advisable to compress programs which usually have many
|
||||
instances running (like `sh' or `make') because the common segments of
|
||||
compressed programs won't be shared any longer between different
|
||||
processes.</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
- `ldd' and `size' won't show anything useful because all they
|
||||
see is the statically linked stub. Since version 0.82 the section
|
||||
headers are stripped from the UPX stub and `size' doesn't even
|
||||
recognize the file format. The file patches/patch-elfcode.h has a
|
||||
patch to fix this bug in `size' and other programs which use GNU BFD.</pre>
|
||||
<p>General notes:</p>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
- As UPX leaves your original program untouched it is advantageous
|
||||
to strip it before compression.</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
- If you compress a script you will lose platform independence -
|
||||
this could be a problem if you are using NFS mounted disks.</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
- Compression of suid, guid and sticky-bit programs is rejected
|
||||
because of possible security implications.</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
- For the same reason there is no sense in making any compressed
|
||||
program suid.</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
- Obviously UPX won't work with executables that want to read data
|
||||
from themselves. E.g., this might be a problem for Perl scripts
|
||||
which access their __DATA__ lines.</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
- In case of internal errors the stub will abort with exitcode 127.
|
||||
Typical reasons for this to happen are that the program has somehow
|
||||
been modified after compression.
|
||||
Running `strace -o strace.log compressed_file' will tell you more.</pre>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h2><a name="notes_for_linux_elf386">NOTES FOR LINUX/ELF386</a></h2>
|
||||
<p>Please read the general Linux description first.</p>
|
||||
<p>The linux/elf386 format decompresses directly into RAM,
|
||||
uses only one exec, does not use space in /tmp,
|
||||
and does not use /proc.</p>
|
||||
<p>Linux/elf386 is automatically selected for Linux ELF exectuables.</p>
|
||||
<p>Packed programs will be byte-identical to the original after uncompression.</p>
|
||||
<p>How it works:</p>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
For ELF executables, UPX decompresses directly to memory, simulating
|
||||
the mapping that the operating system kernel uses during exec(),
|
||||
including the PT_INTERP program interpreter (if any).
|
||||
The brk() is set by a special PT_LOAD segment in the compressed
|
||||
executable itself. UPX then wipes the stack clean except for
|
||||
arguments, environment variables, and Elf_auxv entries (this is
|
||||
required by bugs in the startup code of /lib/ld-linux.so as of
|
||||
May 2000), and transfers control to the program interpreter or
|
||||
the e_entry address of the original executable.</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
The UPX stub is about 1700 bytes long, partly written in assembler
|
||||
and only uses kernel syscalls. It is not linked against any libc.</pre>
|
||||
<p>Specific drawbacks:</p>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
- For linux/elf386 and linux/sh386 formats, you will be relying on
|
||||
RAM and swap space to hold all of the decompressed program during
|
||||
the lifetime of the process. If you already use most of your swap
|
||||
space, then you may run out. A system that is "out of memory"
|
||||
can become fragile. Many programs do not react gracefully when
|
||||
malloc() returns 0. With newer Linux kernels, the kernel
|
||||
may decide to kill some processes to regain memory, and you
|
||||
may not like the kernel's choice of which to kill. Running
|
||||
/usr/bin/top is one way to check on the usage of swap space.</pre>
|
||||
<p>Extra options available for this executable format:</p>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
(none)</pre>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h2><a name="notes_for_linux_sh386">NOTES FOR LINUX/SH386</a></h2>
|
||||
<p>Please read the general Linux description first.</p>
|
||||
<p>Shell scripts where the underling shell accepts a ``-c'' argument
|
||||
can use the Linux/sh386 format. <strong>UPX</strong> decompresses the shell script
|
||||
into low memory, then maps the shell and passes the entire text of the
|
||||
script as an argument with a leading ``-c''.
|
||||
It does not use space in /tmp, and does not use /proc.</p>
|
||||
<p>Linux/sh386 is automatically selected for shell scripts that
|
||||
use a known shell.</p>
|
||||
<p>Packed programs will be byte-identical to the original after uncompression.</p>
|
||||
<p>How it works:</p>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
For shell script executables (files beginning with "#!/" or "#! /")
|
||||
where the shell is known to accept "-c <command>", UPX decompresses
|
||||
the file into low memory, then maps the shell (and its PT_INTERP),
|
||||
and passes control to the shell with the entire decompressed file
|
||||
as the argument after "-c". Known shells are sh, ash, bash, bsh, csh,
|
||||
ksh, tcsh, pdksh. Restriction: UPX cannot use this method
|
||||
for shell scripts which use the one optional string argument after
|
||||
the shell name in the script (example: "#! /bin/sh option3\n".)</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
The UPX stub is about 1700 bytes long, partly written in assembler
|
||||
and only uses kernel syscalls. It is not linked against any libc.</pre>
|
||||
<p>Specific drawbacks:</p>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
- For linux/elf386 and linux/sh386 formats, you will be relying on
|
||||
RAM and swap space to hold all of the decompressed program during
|
||||
the lifetime of the process. If you already use most of your swap
|
||||
space, then you may run out. A system that is "out of memory"
|
||||
can become fragile. Many programs do not react gracefully when
|
||||
malloc() returns 0. With newer Linux kernels, the kernel
|
||||
may decide to kill some processes to regain memory, and you
|
||||
may not like the kernel's choice of which to kill. Running
|
||||
/usr/bin/top is one way to check on the usage of swap space.</pre>
|
||||
<p>Extra options available for this executable format:</p>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
(none)</pre>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h2><a name="notes_for_linux_386">NOTES FOR LINUX/386</a></h2>
|
||||
<p>Please read the general Linux description first.</p>
|
||||
<p>The generic linux/386 format decompresses to /tmp and needs
|
||||
/proc filesystem support. It starts the decompressed program
|
||||
via the <code>execve()</code> syscall.</p>
|
||||
<p>Linux/386 is only selected if the specialized linux/elf386
|
||||
and linux/sh386 won't recognize a file.</p>
|
||||
<p>Packed programs will be byte-identical to the original after uncompression.</p>
|
||||
<p>How it works:</p>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
For files which are not ELF and not a script for a known "-c" shell,
|
||||
UPX uses kernel execve(), which first requires decompressing to a
|
||||
temporary file in the filesystem. Interestingly -
|
||||
because of the good memory management of the Linux kernel - this
|
||||
often does not introduce a noticable delay, and in fact there
|
||||
will be no disk access at all if you have enough free memory as
|
||||
the entire process takes places within the filesystem buffers.</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
A compressed executable consists of the UPX stub and an overlay
|
||||
which contains the original program in a compressed form.</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
The UPX stub is a statically linked ELF executable and does
|
||||
the following at program startup:</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
1) decompress the overlay to a temporary location in /tmp
|
||||
2) open the temporary file for reading
|
||||
3) try to delete the temporary file and start (execve)
|
||||
the uncompressed program in /tmp using /proc/<pid>/fd/X as
|
||||
attained by step 2)
|
||||
4) if that fails, fork off a subprocess to clean up and
|
||||
start the program in /tmp in the meantime</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
The UPX stub is about 1700 bytes long, partly written in assembler
|
||||
and only uses kernel syscalls. It is not linked against any libc.</pre>
|
||||
<p>Specific drawbacks:</p>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
- You need additional free disk space for the uncompressed program
|
||||
in your /tmp directory. This program is deleted immediately after
|
||||
decompression, but you still need it for the full execution time
|
||||
of the program.</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
- You must have /proc filesystem support as the stub wants to open
|
||||
/proc/<pid>/exe and needs /proc/<pid>/fd/X. This also means that you
|
||||
cannot compress programs that are used during the boot sequence
|
||||
before /proc is mounted.</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
- Utilities like `top' will display numerical values in the process
|
||||
name field. This is because Linux computes the process name from
|
||||
the first argument of the last execve syscall (which is typically
|
||||
something like /proc/<pid>/fd/3).</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
- Because of temporary decompression to disk the decompression speed
|
||||
is not as fast as with the other executable formats. Still, I can see
|
||||
no noticable delay when starting programs like my ~3 MB emacs (which
|
||||
is less than 1 MB when compressed :-).</pre>
|
||||
<p>Extra options available for this executable format:</p>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
--force-execve Force the use of the generic linux/386 "execve"
|
||||
format, i.e. do not try the linux/elf386 and
|
||||
linux/sh386 formats.</pre>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h2><a name="notes_for_ps1_exe">NOTES FOR PS1/EXE</a></h2>
|
||||
<p>This is the executable format used by the Sony PlayStation (PSone),
|
||||
a Mips R3000 based gaming console which is popular since the late '90s.
|
||||
Support of this format is very similar to the Atari one, because of
|
||||
nostalgic feelings of one of the authors.</p>
|
||||
<p>Packed programs will be byte-identical to the original after uncompression,
|
||||
until further notice.</p>
|
||||
<p>Maximum uncompressed size: ~1998848 bytes.</p>
|
||||
<p>Notes:</p>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
- UPX creates as default a 'CD-Rom only' PS1/PS2 compatible executable.
|
||||
For transfer between client/target use options below.</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
- Normally the packed files use the same memory areas like the uncompressed
|
||||
versions, so they will not override other memory areas while unpacking.
|
||||
If this isn't possible UPX will abort showing a 'packed data overlap'
|
||||
error. With the "--force" option UPX will set a few 'bytes higher' loading
|
||||
offset for the packed file, but this isn't a real problem if it is a
|
||||
single or boot-only executable.</pre>
|
||||
<p>Extra options available for this executable format:</p>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
--all-methods Compress the program several times, using all
|
||||
available compression methods. This may improve
|
||||
the compression ratio in some cases, but usually
|
||||
the default method gives the best results anyway.</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
--boot-only The format will only run from a CD and may slightly
|
||||
improves the compression ratio. The decompression
|
||||
routines are faster than default ones.
|
||||
But it cannot be used for host/client transfer !</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
--no-align This option disables CD mode 2 data sector format
|
||||
alignment. May slightly improves the compression ratio,
|
||||
but the compressed executable will not boot from a CD.
|
||||
Use it for client/target transfer only !</pre>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h2><a name="notes_for_rtm32_pe_and_arm_pe">NOTES FOR RTM32/PE and ARM/PE</a></h2>
|
||||
<p>Same as win32/pe.</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h2><a name="notes_for_tmt_adam">NOTES FOR TMT/ADAM</a></h2>
|
||||
<p>This format is used by the TMT Pascal compiler - see <a href="http://www.tmt.com/">http://www.tmt.com/</a> .</p>
|
||||
<p>Extra options available for this executable format:</p>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
--all-methods Compress the program several times, using all
|
||||
available compression methods. This may improve
|
||||
the compression ratio in some cases, but usually
|
||||
the default method gives the best results anyway.</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
--all-filters Compress the program several times, using all
|
||||
available preprocessing filters. This may improve
|
||||
the compression ratio in some cases, but usually
|
||||
the default filter gives the best results anyway.</pre>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h2><a name="notes_for_vmlinuz_386">NOTES FOR VMLINUZ/386</a></h2>
|
||||
<p>The vmlinuz/386 and bvmlinuz/386 formats take a gzip-compressed
|
||||
bootable Linux kernel image (``vmlinuz'', ``zImage'', ``bzImage''),
|
||||
gzip-decompress it and re-compress it with the <strong>UPX</strong> compression method.</p>
|
||||
<p>vmlinuz/386 is completely unrelated to the other Linux executable
|
||||
formats, and it does not share any of their drawbacks.</p>
|
||||
<p>Notes:</p>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
- Be sure that "vmlinuz/386" or "bvmlinuz/386" is displayed
|
||||
during compression - otherwise a wrong executable format
|
||||
may have been used, and the kernel won't boot.</pre>
|
||||
<p>Benefits:</p>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
- Better compression (but note that the kernel was already compressed,
|
||||
so the improvement is not as large as with other formats).
|
||||
Still, the bytes saved may be essential for special needs like
|
||||
bootdisks.</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
For example, this is what I get for my 2.2.16 kernel:
|
||||
1589708 vmlinux
|
||||
641073 bzImage [original]
|
||||
560755 bzImage.upx [compressed by "upx -9"]</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
- Much faster decompression at kernel boot time (but kernel
|
||||
decompression speed is not really an issue these days).</pre>
|
||||
<p>Drawbacks:</p>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
(none)</pre>
|
||||
<p>Extra options available for this executable format:</p>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
--all-methods Compress the program several times, using all
|
||||
available compression methods. This may improve
|
||||
the compression ratio in some cases, but usually
|
||||
the default method gives the best results anyway.</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
--all-filters Compress the program several times, using all
|
||||
available preprocessing filters. This may improve
|
||||
the compression ratio in some cases, but usually
|
||||
the default filter gives the best results anyway.</pre>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h2><a name="notes_for_watcom_le">NOTES FOR WATCOM/LE</a></h2>
|
||||
<p><strong>UPX</strong> has been successfully tested with the following extenders:
|
||||
DOS4G, DOS4GW, PMODE/W, DOS32a, CauseWay.
|
||||
The WDOS/X extender is partly supported (for details
|
||||
see the file bugs BUGS).</p>
|
||||
<p>DLLs and the LX format are not supported.</p>
|
||||
<p>Extra options available for this executable format:</p>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
--le Produce an unbound LE output instead of
|
||||
keeping the current stub.</pre>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h2><a name="notes_for_win32_pe">NOTES FOR WIN32/PE</a></h2>
|
||||
<p>The PE support in <strong>UPX</strong> is quite stable now, but probably there are
|
||||
still some incompabilities with some files.</p>
|
||||
<p>Because of the way <strong>UPX</strong> (and other packers for this format) works, you
|
||||
can see increased memory usage of your compressed files because the whole
|
||||
program is loaded into memory at startup.
|
||||
If you start several instances of huge compressed programs you're
|
||||
wasting memory because the common segements of the program won't
|
||||
get shared across the instances.
|
||||
On the other hand if you're compressing only smaller programs, or
|
||||
running only one instance of larger programs, then this penalty is
|
||||
smaller, but it's still there.</p>
|
||||
<p>If you're running executables from network, then compressed programs
|
||||
will load faster, and require less bandwidth during execution.</p>
|
||||
<p>DLLs are supported. But UPX compressed DLLs can not share common data and
|
||||
code when they got used by multiple applications. So compressing msvcrt.dll
|
||||
is a waste of memory, but compressing the dll plugins of a particular
|
||||
application may be a better idea.</p>
|
||||
<p>Screensavers are supported, with the restriction that the filename
|
||||
must end with ``.scr'' (as screensavers are handled slightly different
|
||||
than normal exe files).</p>
|
||||
<p>UPX compressed PE files has some minor memory overhead (usually in the
|
||||
10 - 30 kbytes range) which can be seen by specifying the ``-i'' command
|
||||
line switch during compression.</p>
|
||||
<p>Extra options available for this executable format:</p>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
--compress-exports=0 Don't compress the export section.
|
||||
Use this if you plan to run the compressed
|
||||
program under Wine.
|
||||
--compress-exports=1 Compress the export section. [DEFAULT]
|
||||
Compression of the export section can improve the
|
||||
compression ratio quite a bit but may not work
|
||||
with all programs (like winword.exe).
|
||||
UPX never compresses the export section of a DLL
|
||||
regardless of this option.</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
--compress-icons=0 Don't compress any icons.
|
||||
--compress-icons=1 Compress all but the first icon.
|
||||
--compress-icons=2 Compress all icons which are not in the
|
||||
first icon directory. [DEFAULT]</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
--compress-resources=0 Don't compress any resources at all.</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
--keep-resource=list Don't compress resources specified by the list.
|
||||
The members of the list are separated by commas.
|
||||
A list member has the following format: I<type[/name]>.
|
||||
I<Type> is the type of the resource. Standard types
|
||||
must be specified as decimal numbers, user types can be
|
||||
specified by decimal IDs or strings. I<Name> is the
|
||||
identifier of the resource. It can be a decimal number
|
||||
or a string. For example:</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
--keep-resource=2/MYBITMAP,5,6/12345</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
UPX won't compress the named bitmap resource "MYBITMAP",
|
||||
it leaves every dialog (5) resource uncompressed, and
|
||||
it won't touch the string table resource with identifier
|
||||
12345.</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
--force Force compression even when there is an
|
||||
unexpected value in a header field.
|
||||
Use with care.</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
--strip-relocs=0 Don't strip relocation records.
|
||||
--strip-relocs=1 Strip relocation records. [DEFAULT]
|
||||
This option only works on executables with base
|
||||
address greater or equal to 0x400000. Usually the
|
||||
compressed files becomes smaller, but some files
|
||||
may become larger. Note that the resulting file will
|
||||
not work under Windows 3.x (Win32s).
|
||||
UPX never strips relocations from a DLL
|
||||
regardless of this option.</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
--all-methods Compress the program several times, using all
|
||||
available compression methods. This may improve
|
||||
the compression ratio in some cases, but usually
|
||||
the default method gives the best results anyway.</pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
--all-filters Compress the program several times, using all
|
||||
available preprocessing filters. This may improve
|
||||
the compression ratio in some cases, but usually
|
||||
the default filter gives the best results anyway.</pre>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<hr />
|
||||
<h1><a name="diagnostics">DIAGNOSTICS</a></h1>
|
||||
<p>Exit status is normally 0; if an error occurs, exit status
|
||||
is 1. If a warning occurs, exit status is 2.</p>
|
||||
<p><strong>UPX</strong>'s diagnostics are intended to be self-explanatory.</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<hr />
|
||||
<h1><a name="bugs">BUGS</a></h1>
|
||||
<p>Please report all bugs immediately to the authors.</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<hr />
|
||||
<h1><a name="authors">AUTHORS</a></h1>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
Markus F.X.J. Oberhumer <markus@oberhumer.com>
|
||||
<a href="http://www.oberhumer.com">http://www.oberhumer.com</a></pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
Laszlo Molnar <ml1050@users.sourceforge.net></pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
John F. Reiser <jreiser@BitWagon.com></pre>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
Jens Medoch <jssg@users.sourceforge.net></pre>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<hr />
|
||||
<h1><a name="copyright">COPYRIGHT</a></h1>
|
||||
<p>Copyright (C) 1996-2006 Markus Franz Xaver Johannes Oberhumer</p>
|
||||
<p>Copyright (C) 1996-2006 Laszlo Molnar</p>
|
||||
<p>Copyright (C) 2000-2006 John F. Reiser</p>
|
||||
<p>Copyright (C) 2002-2006 Jens Medoch</p>
|
||||
<p>This program may be used freely, and you are welcome to
|
||||
redistribute it under certain conditions.</p>
|
||||
<p>This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
|
||||
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
|
||||
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
|
||||
<strong>UPX License Agreement</strong> for more details.</p>
|
||||
<p>You should have received a copy of the UPX License Agreement along
|
||||
with this program; see the file LICENSE. If not, visit the UPX home page.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
|
||||
</html>
|
Loading…
Reference in a new issue