diff --git a/block/qcow2-bitmap.c b/block/qcow2-bitmap.c
index 7197754843..bcad567c0c 100644
--- a/block/qcow2-bitmap.c
+++ b/block/qcow2-bitmap.c
@@ -955,8 +955,8 @@ static void set_readonly_helper(gpointer bitmap, gpointer value)
  * If header_updated is not NULL then it is set appropriately regardless of
  * the return value.
  */
-bool qcow2_load_dirty_bitmaps(BlockDriverState *bs, bool *header_updated,
-                              Error **errp)
+bool coroutine_fn qcow2_load_dirty_bitmaps(BlockDriverState *bs,
+                                           bool *header_updated, Error **errp)
 {
     BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
     Qcow2BitmapList *bm_list;
diff --git a/block/qcow2-cluster.c b/block/qcow2-cluster.c
index 0f293950a1..097f6484ed 100644
--- a/block/qcow2-cluster.c
+++ b/block/qcow2-cluster.c
@@ -31,7 +31,8 @@
 #include "qemu/memalign.h"
 #include "trace.h"
 
-int qcow2_shrink_l1_table(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t exact_size)
+int coroutine_fn qcow2_shrink_l1_table(BlockDriverState *bs,
+                                       uint64_t exact_size)
 {
     BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
     int new_l1_size, i, ret;
@@ -823,10 +824,10 @@ static int get_cluster_table(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset,
  *
  * Return 0 on success and -errno in error cases
  */
-int qcow2_alloc_compressed_cluster_offset(BlockDriverState *bs,
-                                          uint64_t offset,
-                                          int compressed_size,
-                                          uint64_t *host_offset)
+int coroutine_fn qcow2_alloc_compressed_cluster_offset(BlockDriverState *bs,
+                                                       uint64_t offset,
+                                                       int compressed_size,
+                                                       uint64_t *host_offset)
 {
     BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
     int l2_index, ret;
@@ -1488,8 +1489,9 @@ static int coroutine_fn handle_dependencies(BlockDriverState *bs,
  *
  *  -errno: in error cases
  */
-static int handle_copied(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t guest_offset,
-    uint64_t *host_offset, uint64_t *bytes, QCowL2Meta **m)
+static int coroutine_fn handle_copied(BlockDriverState *bs,
+    uint64_t guest_offset, uint64_t *host_offset, uint64_t *bytes,
+    QCowL2Meta **m)
 {
     BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
     int l2_index;
@@ -1653,8 +1655,9 @@ static int do_alloc_cluster_offset(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t guest_offset,
  *
  *  -errno: in error cases
  */
-static int handle_alloc(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t guest_offset,
-    uint64_t *host_offset, uint64_t *bytes, QCowL2Meta **m)
+static int coroutine_fn handle_alloc(BlockDriverState *bs,
+    uint64_t guest_offset, uint64_t *host_offset, uint64_t *bytes,
+    QCowL2Meta **m)
 {
     BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
     int l2_index;
diff --git a/block/qcow2-refcount.c b/block/qcow2-refcount.c
index 1fbb07ca77..40e3870887 100644
--- a/block/qcow2-refcount.c
+++ b/block/qcow2-refcount.c
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ static void update_max_refcount_table_index(BDRVQcow2State *s)
     s->max_refcount_table_index = i;
 }
 
-int qcow2_refcount_init(BlockDriverState *bs)
+int coroutine_fn qcow2_refcount_init(BlockDriverState *bs)
 {
     BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
     unsigned int refcount_table_size2, i;
@@ -3559,8 +3559,8 @@ static int64_t get_refblock_offset(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset)
     return covering_refblock_offset;
 }
 
-static int qcow2_discard_refcount_block(BlockDriverState *bs,
-                                        uint64_t discard_block_offs)
+static int coroutine_fn
+qcow2_discard_refcount_block(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t discard_block_offs)
 {
     BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
     int64_t refblock_offs;
@@ -3616,7 +3616,7 @@ static int qcow2_discard_refcount_block(BlockDriverState *bs,
     return 0;
 }
 
-int qcow2_shrink_reftable(BlockDriverState *bs)
+int coroutine_fn qcow2_shrink_reftable(BlockDriverState *bs)
 {
     BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
     uint64_t *reftable_tmp =
diff --git a/block/qcow2.h b/block/qcow2.h
index ad6e7f65bd..2285f18a73 100644
--- a/block/qcow2.h
+++ b/block/qcow2.h
@@ -846,7 +846,7 @@ int qcow2_validate_table(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset,
                          Error **errp);
 
 /* qcow2-refcount.c functions */
-int qcow2_refcount_init(BlockDriverState *bs);
+int coroutine_fn qcow2_refcount_init(BlockDriverState *bs);
 void qcow2_refcount_close(BlockDriverState *bs);
 
 int qcow2_get_refcount(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t cluster_index,
@@ -893,14 +893,14 @@ int qcow2_inc_refcounts_imrt(BlockDriverState *bs, BdrvCheckResult *res,
 int qcow2_change_refcount_order(BlockDriverState *bs, int refcount_order,
                                 BlockDriverAmendStatusCB *status_cb,
                                 void *cb_opaque, Error **errp);
-int qcow2_shrink_reftable(BlockDriverState *bs);
+int coroutine_fn qcow2_shrink_reftable(BlockDriverState *bs);
 int64_t qcow2_get_last_cluster(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t size);
 int coroutine_fn qcow2_detect_metadata_preallocation(BlockDriverState *bs);
 
 /* qcow2-cluster.c functions */
 int qcow2_grow_l1_table(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t min_size,
                         bool exact_size);
-int qcow2_shrink_l1_table(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t max_size);
+int coroutine_fn qcow2_shrink_l1_table(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t max_size);
 int qcow2_write_l1_entry(BlockDriverState *bs, int l1_index);
 int qcow2_encrypt_sectors(BDRVQcow2State *s, int64_t sector_num,
                           uint8_t *buf, int nb_sectors, bool enc, Error **errp);
@@ -911,10 +911,10 @@ int qcow2_get_host_offset(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset,
 int coroutine_fn qcow2_alloc_host_offset(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset,
                                          unsigned int *bytes,
                                          uint64_t *host_offset, QCowL2Meta **m);
-int qcow2_alloc_compressed_cluster_offset(BlockDriverState *bs,
-                                          uint64_t offset,
-                                          int compressed_size,
-                                          uint64_t *host_offset);
+int coroutine_fn qcow2_alloc_compressed_cluster_offset(BlockDriverState *bs,
+                                                       uint64_t offset,
+                                                       int compressed_size,
+                                                       uint64_t *host_offset);
 void qcow2_parse_compressed_l2_entry(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t l2_entry,
                                      uint64_t *coffset, int *csize);
 
@@ -982,8 +982,8 @@ void qcow2_cache_discard(Qcow2Cache *c, void *table);
 int qcow2_check_bitmaps_refcounts(BlockDriverState *bs, BdrvCheckResult *res,
                                   void **refcount_table,
                                   int64_t *refcount_table_size);
-bool qcow2_load_dirty_bitmaps(BlockDriverState *bs, bool *header_updated,
-                              Error **errp);
+bool coroutine_fn qcow2_load_dirty_bitmaps(BlockDriverState *bs,
+                                           bool *header_updated, Error **errp);
 bool qcow2_get_bitmap_info_list(BlockDriverState *bs,
                                 Qcow2BitmapInfoList **info_list, Error **errp);
 int qcow2_reopen_bitmaps_rw(BlockDriverState *bs, Error **errp);